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Varaha Purana 116.37 — Adhyaya 116, Shloka 37

An Exposition on the Causes of Happiness and Suffering

निगृहीतेन्द्रियः पञ्च ततः सौख्यतरं नु किम् ॥ सहते चावमानं तु व्यसने न तु दुर्मनाः ॥

nigṛhītendriyaḥ pañca tataḥ saukhyataraṃ nu kim | sahate cāvamānaṃ tu vyasane na tu durmanāḥ ||

أيُّ سعادةٍ أعظم من سعادةِ من كبح الحواسَّ الخمس؟ إنه يحتمل الإهانة، وفي الشدّة لا يَكْتَئِب ولا يَفْتُر.

निगृहीतेन्द्रियःone whose senses are restrained
निगृहीतेन्द्रियः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootनिगृहीत + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि-समास (possessive): निगृहीतानि इन्द्रियाणि यस्य सः; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्चन् (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् संख्याविशेषण (indeclinable numeral in usage)
ततःfrom that; thereafter
ततः:
Apādāna-artha (अपादानार्थ)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय
सौख्यतरम्more pleasant/happier
सौख्यतरम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसौख्यतर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तुलनात्मक
नुthen?/indeed?
नु:
Praśna-nipāta (प्रश्ननिपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न-निपात
किम्what
किम्:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक
सहतेendures/tolerates
सहते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसह् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
अवमानम्insult/disrespect
अवमानम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअवमान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात
व्यसनेin adversity/misfortune
व्यसने:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
not
:
Niṣedha (निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)
तुbut
तु:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formनिपात
दुर्मनाःdowncast; of bad mind
दुर्मनाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि/नञ्-तत्पुरुषभाव: दुर्मनस् = दुष्टं मनः यस्य; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (ending -āḥ)

Varāha

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":true,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"Varāha instructs Earth on yogic-ethical discipline: restraining senses, enduring insult, and maintaining equanimity in adversity."}

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":true,"speaker_role":"instructor","bhu_devi_state":"curious","key_question":"What inner discipline yields the greatest happiness, especially amid insult and misfortune?"}

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":true,"topic":"None","instruction_summary":"Restrain the five senses; tolerate dishonor; remain undepressed in calamity—this is praised as supreme sukha.","karmic_consequence":"Sense-control and forbearance generate inner peace and merit; lack of restraint leads to agitation, vice, and suffering."}

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false,"vrata_name":"None","tithi_month":"None","promised_fruit":"None"}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"Yoga-ethics / sādhana","core_concept":"Indriya-nigraha and titikṣā (forbearance) are direct causes of enduring happiness; adversity is a test of steadiness.","practical_application":"Adopt daily restraint practices (diet, speech, attention); respond to insult with silence or measured words; cultivate resilience during loss."}

Subject Matter: ["Ethics"]

Primary Rasa: Shanta

Secondary Rasa: Vira

Type: None

Related Themes: Varāha Purāṇa 116.38.0 (ethical steadfastness); Varāha Purāṇa 116.42.0 (knowledge as highest good)

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A serene Varāha teaches the ideal of sense-restraint and calm endurance; symbolic depiction of the five senses subdued.","item_prompts":["Varāha with composed gaze","Bhūdevī listening","five sense-symbols (eye, ear, nose, tongue, hand) shown as subdued animals","storm/cloud motif for adversity","insult scene in background with the sage-like figure unmoved"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: symbolic animals representing senses at Varāha’s feet, Bhūdevī attentive, dramatic but controlled background clouds.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: central calm Varāha with gold aura, subdued sense-symbols arranged symmetrically, minimal narrative vignettes of insult/adversity.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: elegant restraint, fine detailing of mudrā and calm expression, soft storm motif behind, subdued palette.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: narrative split—foreground teaching, background small scene of insult and misfortune; protagonist remains serene, cool mountain tones."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"Austere, meditative","suggested_raga":"Bhairav","pace":"slow","voice_tone":"deep, controlled, contemplative"}

C
Classical Literature
V
Vaishnavism
Y
Yoga Ethics
N
Nīti

FAQs

It showcases convergence between Purāṇic teaching and broader ascetic/yogic ethics: sense-restraint and emotional steadiness are framed as markers of well-being.

No geographic location is mentioned.

Practice self-control and maintain composure under insult and hardship.

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