Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 98

Devanagari script

आपः क्षीरं कुशाग्राणि घृतं मधुगवांदधि । रक्तानि करवीराणि रक्तचंदनमित्यपि

Transliteration

āpaḥ kṣīraṃ kuśāgrāṇi ghṛtaṃ madhugavāṃdadhi | raktāni karavīrāṇi raktacaṃdanamityapi

Translation

الماء، واللبن، وأطراف عشب الكوشا، والسمن المصفّى، والعسل، ولبن الخاثر من البقر، وأزهار الكرافيرا الحمراء، وخشب الصندل الأحمر—فهذه أيضاً موادّ مقدّسة مقرَّرة.

Word by Word

• आपः: waters
• आपः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (pluralia tantum)

• क्षीरम्: milk
• क्षीरम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; सूचीकरणे (as an item)

• कुशाग्राणि: tips of kuśa grass
• कुशाग्राणि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुश + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन; ‘कुशस्य अग्राणि’

• घृतम्: ghee
• घृतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन

• मधु: honey
• मधु: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद

• गवाम्: of cows
• गवाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• दधि: curd/yogurt
• दधि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन

• रक्तानि: red
• रक्तानि: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (करवीराणि)

• करवीराणि: oleander flowers
• करवीराणि: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: करवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), बहुवचन

• रक्तचन्दनम्: red sandalwood
• रक्तचन्दनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रक्त + चन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Discourse marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative/‘thus’)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अप्यर्थक निपात (also/even)

Speaker

Skanda

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Gaṅgā (Kāśī)

Type: ghat

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A ritual tray on a ghāṭa: water pot, milk, kuśa tips, ghee, honey, curd, red oleander flowers, and red sandal paste arranged neatly for arghya.

Characters & Entities

• Kuśa
• Gaṅgā (context)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is made tangible through pure, traditional offerings that embody devotion and sacred order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The surrounding passage praises Gaṅgā-side observances in Kāśī, where such offerings are especially meritorious.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

A list of prescribed substances used for arghya/offerings: water, milk, kuśa tips, ghee, honey, cow-curd, red flowers, and red sandalwood.