Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 40

Devanagari script

पाशैर्नित्यं तु सम्बाधां यस्मान्मोचयते भृशम् । विपाशेति च सा प्रोक्ता संसारार्णवतारिणी

Transliteration

pāśairnityaṃ tu sambādhāṃ yasmānmocayate bhṛśam | vipāśeti ca sā proktā saṃsārārṇavatāriṇī

Translation

لأنها تُطلق الكائنات بقوةٍ عظيمة من ضيق القيود الدائم، دُعيت «فيباشا Vipāśā»، أي مُحرِّرة الأغلال، وهي التي تُعَبِّر بالخلق بحر السَّمْسارا.

Word by Word

• पाशैः: by bonds/nooses
• पाशैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन

• नित्यं: always
• नित्यं: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Discourse particle
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle)

• सम्बाधाम्: confinement/obstruction
• सम्बाधाम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सम्बाधा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• यस्मात्: from which/because of which
• यस्मात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• मोचयते: releases/frees
• मोचयते: Kriya (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; causative sense ‘causes to be released’ (णिच्-भाव)

• भृशम्: greatly
• भृशम्: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• विपाशा: Vipāśā (name)
• विपाशा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि- + पाश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; संज्ञा (proper name)

• इति: thus
• इति: Quotation marker
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; उद्धरण-समाप्ति (quotative particle)

• च: and
• च: Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• प्रोक्ता: is called/was said
• प्रोक्ता: Predicate (Karmani)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र- + वच् (धातु) → प्रोक्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे विधेय (predicate)

• संसारार्णवतारिणी: she who ferries across the ocean of worldly existence
• संसारार्णवतारिणी: Visheshana (Adjective of सा)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संसार + अर्णव + तारिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-समास: ‘संसार-अर्णवम् तारयति’

Speaker

Skanda (deduced from Revā Khaṇḍa narrative style within Skanda Purāṇa)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Vipāśā (name-gloss of Revā/Narmadā)

Type: river

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The goddess-river Vipāśā as a luminous stream loosening iron-like fetters from devotees and ferrying them across a dark ocean of saṃsāra; bonds dissolve into lotuses as the current flows.

Characters & Entities

• Vipāśā (Revā/Narmadā)
• Saṃsārārṇava

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Bondage—karmic and existential—is loosened through refuge in the sacred river; she is praised as a liberating power.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Revā/Narmadā as ‘Vipāśā’, the tīrtha that frees devotees from fetters and helps them cross saṃsāra.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit rite; the verse frames tīrtha-sevā (approach, prayer, bathing) as a means to freedom from bondage.