Mantra 8
Āditya-protection through ṛta (cosmic order) and the safeguarding of the sacrificer
महि त्रीणामवरस्तु द्युक्षं मित्रस्यार्यम्णः दुराधर्षं वरुणस्य
mahi trīṇāmavarastu dyukṣaṃ mitrasyāryamṇaḥ durādharṣaṃ varuṇasya
máhi3 trīṇā́m2 aváraḥ1 tu2 dyúkṣaṃ3 mítrasya2 ā́ryamṇaḥ1 durā́dharṣaṃ3 váruṇasya2
عظيمٌ بهاءُ الثلاثة—مِترا وأريامَن؛ ومهابةُ فَرونا عصيّةٌ لا تُنال.
mahi | trīṇām | avaraḥ | tu | dyukṣam | mitrasya | āryamṇaḥ | durā-dharṣam | varuṇasya
Aditya (generic) — melody unspecified in input
{ "prastava": "(stobha prelude establishing a calm, even base)", "udgitha": "mahi trīṇām avaras tu dyukṣaṃ mitrasyāryamṇaḥ", "pratihara": "durādharṣaṃ", "upadrava": "varuṇasya", "nidhana": "(varuṇasya prolonged with a binding, settled cadence)", "structure_notes": "The semantic ‘seal’ (durādharṣam varuṇasya) is well placed late (pratihāra/upadrava) to function like a juridical stamp; nidhana can rest on Varuṇa’s name.", "singer_assignments": "Prastotṛ: prastāva; Udgātṛ: udgītha+upadrava; Pratihartṛ: pratihāra; all: nidhana." }
{ "gloss_summary": "Sāyaṇa glosses ‘dyukṣa’ as sovereign brilliance sustaining ṛta; the three are Mitra, Aryaman, Varuṇa. ‘Durādharṣa’ indicates their majesty cannot be violated or overstepped.", "ritual_interpretation": "Invokes Āditya oversight so the sacrifice remains within ordinance; protects against moral/ritual transgression.", "theological_insight": "Divine sovereignty is expressed as moral law: their light is the power by which order holds the worlds and society together.", "etymology_highlights": "dyukṣam: from dyut (shine) indicating brilliance; durādharṣam: ‘difficult to assail/overcome’; Varuṇa as ‘binder’ implied by his governance." }