Rig Veda 4.3.9 — Mandala 4, Sukta 3, Mantra 9
Sukta 4.3
Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama
Devata: Agni (as the truth-guided transformer of raw/ripe sweetness)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋतेन ऋतं नियतमीळ आ गोरामा सचा मधुमत्पक्वमग्ने । कृष्णा सती रुशता धासिनैषा जामर्येण पयसा पीपाय ॥
Transliteration
ṛténa ṛtáṃ ní-yatam īḷe ā́ góra āmā́ sácā mádhu-mat pákvam agne | kṛṣṇā́ satī́ rúśatā dhā́sinaiṣā́ jāmaryéṇa páyasā pīpāya ||
Translation
بِـرِتا (Ṛta) أُبَجِّلُ رِتا الراسخَ المُهتدى؛ ومع حلاوةِ لبنِ البقرةِ—نيئِه وناضجِه معًا—يا أغني. هذه الداكنةُ، إذ تصيرُ مُضيئةً بوعاءِ اللمعان، قد أُشبِعَت وأُنمِيَت بلبنِ الرفيقِ المُغذّي.
Word by Word
ऋतेनby/with ṛta (cosmic order, truth)
ऋतेन:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) / √ऋ (गतौ, ‘to go/fit’, semantic base of ṛta ‘cosmic order’)
ऋतम्ṛta (right order/truth)
ऋतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
नियतम्fixed, regulated, well-ordered
नियतम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-√यम् (नियमे) → नियत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
ईळेI praise / I invoke
ईळे:
—
TypeVerb
Root√ईळ्/√ईड् (स्तुतौ)
आtowards, hither
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
गोरामof the cows
गोराम:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
सचाtogether with, in company
सचा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसच् (अव्यय; ‘together, in company’)
मधुमत्honeyed, sweet
मधुमत्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootमधु + मतुप् (मधुमत् प्रातिपदिक)
पक्वम्cooked, ripened
पक्वम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Root√पच् (पाके) → पक्व (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
कृष्णाblack, dark
कृष्णा:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
सतीbeing, while being
सती:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√अस् (भुवि) → सत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त) → सती (स्त्री)
रुशताwith the shining (one/thing)
रुशता:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootरुशत् (प्रातिपदिक ‘shining, bright’)
धा॒सिनाwith nourishment/portion (or: with the bright offering)
धा॒सिना:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधासि/धासिन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘portion, nourishment; also ‘bright/fiery’ in RV usage) संभवतः √धा (धारण/स्थापन) से
एषाthis (she/this one)
एषा:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जामर्येणwith the kinsmanly/domestic (one/means)
जामर्येण:
करण
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootजामर्य (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक—‘of the house/kin’, ‘domestic/related’; often connected with जामि ‘kinsman’)
पयसाwith milk
पयसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootपयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
पीपायhas filled/nourished; made to swell
पीपाय:
—
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पाने/पोषणे) – वैदिक-रूप: पिपाय/पीपाय (caus./intensive sense ‘make swell, fill, nourish’)
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