Rig Veda 2.23.1 — Mandala 2, Sukta 23, Mantra 1
Sukta 2.23
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (of the Bhṛgu-Aṅgiras line)
Devata: Bṛhaspati / Brahmaṇaspati (Lord of the Word; organizer of the inner hosts)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
गणानां त्वा गणपतिं हवामहे कविं कवीनामुपमश्रवस्तमम् । ज्येष्ठराजं ब्रह्मणां ब्रह्मणस्पत आ नः शृण्वन्नूतिभिः सीद सादनम् ॥
Transliteration
gaṇā́nāṃ tvā gaṇá-patiṃ havāmahe kavíṃ kavīnā́m upamá-śravas-tamam | jyeṣṭhá-rājaṃ bráhmaṇāṃ brahmaṇas-pate ā́ naḥ śṛṇván ūtí-bhiḥ sīda sā́danam ||
Translation
نَدعوكَ، يا غَنَپَتي، سيّدَ الغَنا؛ يا كَڤيًّا بين الكَڤيّين، الأشدَّ شهرةً بلا مِثال. يا أقدمَ ملوكِ المانترا وكلمةِ الخلق (Brahman)، يا بَرَهْمَنَسْپَتي، اسمعْنا؛ وبعونِكَ اجلسْ على مَقعدِ عبادتنا.
Word by Word
गणानाम्of the groups/hosts
गणानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation) — ‘of the hosts’
TypeNoun
Rootगण (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (object) — ‘you’ (whom we invoke)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
गणपतिम्the lord of hosts
गणपतिम्:
कर्म (object) — apposition to त्वा
TypeNoun
Rootगणपति (प्रातिपदिक)
हवामहेwe invoke
हवामहे:
क्रिया (main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (ह्वयति/ह्वयते) ‘to call, invoke’
कविम्the sage/poet
कविम्:
कर्म (object) — further apposition to त्वा
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
कवीनाम्of poets
कवीनाम्:
सम्बन्ध — ‘of poets’
TypeNoun
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक)
उपमश्रवस्तमम्most renowned / of best fame
उपमश्रवस्तमम्:
विशेषण (qualifier) of त्वा/गणपतिम्/कविम्
TypeAdjective
Rootउपमश्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having the best fame/renown’)
ज्येष्ठराजम्the foremost king
ज्येष्ठराजम्:
कर्म — apposition to त्वा
TypeNoun (compound title)
Rootज्येष्ठराज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘eldest/foremost king’)
ब्रह्मणाम्of sacred prayers/formulas
ब्रह्मणाम्:
सम्बन्ध — ‘of prayers/sacred formulations’
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
ब्रह्मणस्पतेO Lord of prayer (Bṛhaspati)
ब्रह्मणस्पते:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootब्रह्मणस्-पति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘lord of brahman/prayer’)
आhither, to us
आ:
क्रियाविशेषण (directional particle) modifying सीद
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/निपात)
नःto us / for us
नः:
सम्प्रदान (recipient) of aid/coming
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शृण्वन्hearing
शृण्वन्:
कर्तृविशेषण — qualifying the addressed deity (‘while hearing’)
TypeVerbal adjective (present participle)
Root√श्रु ‘to hear’
ऊतिभिःwith helps/aids
ऊतिभिः:
करण (instrument/means) — ‘with aids’
TypeNoun
Rootऊति (प्रातिपदिक) ‘help, aid’
सीदsit; take your seat
सीद:
क्रिया (imperative)
TypeVerb
Root√सद् ‘to sit, settle, take seat’
सादनम्the seat/abode
सादनम्:
कर्म/अधिकरण (goal/place) with सीद — ‘sit (upon) the seat’
TypeNoun
Rootसादन (प्रातिपदिक) ‘seat, sitting-place’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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