Rig Veda 10.98.7: Mandala 10, Sukta 98, Mantra 7

Sukta 10.98

Rishi: Devāpi Ārṣṭiṣeṇa

Devata: Bṛhaspati (giver of vāc); Agni implied through kindling; rain-power as result

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यद्देवापिः शंतनवे पुरोहितो होत्राय वृतः कृपयन्नदीधेत् । देवश्रुतं वृष्टिवनिं रराणो बृहस्पतिर्वाचमस्मा अयच्छत् ॥

Transliteration

yád devā́piḥ śáṃtanave puróhito hótrāya vṛtáḥ kṛpáyann ádīḍhet | deva-śrútaṃ vṛṣṭi-vánim rárāṇo bṛ́haspátir vā́cam asmā ayacchat ||

Translation

حينما أوقدَ ديفابي، المختارُ كـ«بوروهيتا» لِشَمتَنو، نارَ «الهوترا» بقصدٍ رحيم، فرِحًا بالكلمةِ المسموعةِ عند الآلهة، الكاسبةِ للمطر—وهبَه بْرِهَسْبَتي «الفَاك» (الكلام)؛ لكي يُستَدعى الهبوطُ المنشود ويغدو نافذَ الأثر.

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Word by Word

• यत्: when/that
• यत्: Adhikaraṇa (clause-linker) / sambandha
• Type: Indeclinable/Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• अपिः: also, indeed
• अपिः: (discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (avyaya)

• शंतनवे: to Śaṃtanu
• शंतनवे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (Proper)
• Root: शंतनु (proper name; prātipadika)

• पुरोहितः: the household-priest, purohita
• पुरोहितः: Kartā (in apposition to the subject of the clause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरोहित (prātipadika)

• होत्राय: for the Hotṛ-function (for priestly recitation)
• होत्राय: Sampradāna / Prayojana
• Type: Noun
• Root: होत्र (prātipadika)

• वृतः: chosen, selected
• वृतः: Kartā (qualifying the subject: ‘having been chosen’)
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √वृ (वृणोति ‘choose’); past passive participle वृत (kṛdanta)

• कृपयन्: showing compassion / being moved
• कृपयन्: Kartā (concomitant action of the subject)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √कृप्/कृपाय् (Vedic: ‘to lament/feel pity, be compassionate’); present participle

• अदीधेत्: he kindled/uttered (inspiredly), he set (the hymn) in motion
• अदीधेत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धी/√ध्या (Vedic: ‘to think/meditate’; also used of inspired utterance); desiderative/causative-like intensive? here as finite verb in injunctive/aorist-like form

• देवश्रुतम्: (him) ‘god-heard’, famed with the gods
• देवश्रुतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: देवश्रुत (prātipadika; ‘heard by the gods’)

• वृष्टिवनिम्: rain-winning, rain-bringing
• वृष्टिवनिम्: Karma (co-ordinate epithet)
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: वृष्टिवनि (prātipadika; ‘rain-winning/bringing rain’)

• रराणः: rejoicing, delighting
• रराणः: Kartā (qualifying the subject)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √रा/√रम् (Vedic: ‘to delight, rejoice’; perfect middle participle रराण)

• बृहस्पतिः: Bṛhaspati
• बृहस्पतिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (Proper)
• Root: बृहस्पति (prātipadika; deity/name)

• वाचम्: speech, utterance
• वाचम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (prātipadika)

• अस्मै: to him
• अस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• अयच्छत्: gave, granted
• अयच्छत्: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √यम् (यच्छति ‘to give/offer, extend, grant’)