Rig Veda 10.93.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 93, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.93

Devata: R̥bhus (triad); imagery overlaps with Indraic ‘harī’ and vājin (force-bearer)

Chandas: Gāyatrī/Anuṣṭubh not applicable; likely Triṣṭubh/related (needs verification for 10.93.1 specifically)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ऋभुॠभुक्षा ऋभुर्विधतो मद आ ते हरी जूजुवानस्य वाजिना । दुष्टरं यस्य साम चिदृधग्यज्ञो न मानुषः ॥

Transliteration

ṛbhúṛbhukṣā́ ṛbhúrvīdható máda ā́ te hárī jūjuvāná sya vā́jinā | duṣṭáraṃ yásya sā́ma cid ṛ́dhag yajñó ná mā́nuṣaḥ ||

Translation

يا رِبهو، يا رِبهوكشا، يا رِبهو—يأتي نشوةُ المُدبِّر؛ وإليك، يا سيّدَ الوفرة، تُقرَنُ جواداكَ للحركةِ المتوثّبة. عسيرُ العبورِ ذلك الانسجامُ الذي له؛ وتغدو اليَجْنَا (yajña) قوّةً منفصلةً غيرَ بشرية—فعلاً مرفوعاً فوقَ العقلِ المألوف.

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Word by Word

• ऋभुः: R̥bhu (name of a R̥bhu)
• ऋभुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋभु (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋभुक्षाः: R̥bhukṣā (name of a R̥bhu)
• ऋभुक्षाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋभुक्षन्/ऋभुक्षा (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋभुः: R̥bhu (the R̥bhu)
• ऋभुः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋभु (प्रातिपदिक)

• विधतः: of the worshipper/ordainer
• विधतः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: विधत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘विधत्’ = यजमान/विधाता ‘the worshipper/ordainer’)

• मदे: in exhilaration/at the (soma-)intoxication
• मदे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक)

• आ: towards, hither
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• ते: of you/your
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• हरी: the two bay steeds
• हरी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)

• जूजुवानस्य: of (him) who has driven on/urged on
• जूजुवानस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जूजुवान् (कृदन्त; √जु/जू ‘to hasten, impel’—intensive/perfect participial stem)

• वाजिनः: of the prize-winner/steed (swift one)
• वाजिनः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वाजिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• दुष्टरम्: hard to overcome
• दुष्टरम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुष्टर (प्रातिपदिक; दुḥ- + √तॄ/तॄ ‘to cross’ → ‘hard to overcome/cross’)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• साम: chant, sāman-melody
• साम: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: even
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात)

• ऋधक्: separately, apart
• ऋधक्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ऋधक्/ऋधग् (अव्यय)

• यज्ञः: sacrifice
• यज्ञः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not / like (contextual particle)
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• मानुषः: human, of men
• मानुषः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मानुष (प्रातिपदिक)