Rig Veda 10.63.8: Mandala 10, Sukta 63, Mantra 8

Sukta 10.63

Rishi: Likely a later mandala 10 family hymn; specific rishi attribution varies by Anukramaṇī for RV 10.63

Devata: Viśve Devāḥ / Ādityas as rulers of ṛta

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs metrical verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

य ईशिरे भुवनस्य प्रचेतसो विश्वस्य स्थातुर्जगतश्च मन्तवः । ते नः कृतादकृतादेनसस्पर्यद्या देवासः पिपृता स्वस्तये ॥

Transliteration

yá ī́śire bhúvanasya práketaso víśvasya sthātúr jágataś ca mántavaḥ | té naḥ kṛtā́d ákṛtād énasaḥ pár y adyá devāsaḥ pipṛta svastáye ||

Translation

يا من تَحكمون العالَمَ بوعيٍ مُستيقظ، يا أهلَ البصيرة، مفكّري كلِّ ما يَثبُتُ وما يَتحرّك—احفظونا اليوم من الإثم، ممّا فعلناه وممّا لم نفعلْه، إحاطةً من كلِّ جانب، لأجلِ السَّلامةِ والهناءِ (سْفَسْتِي).

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Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā (relative subject)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• ईशिरे: have ruled / have been masters
• ईशिरे: Kriyā (of the relative clause) / Kartṛ-vācya
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईश् (धातु)

• भुवनस्य: of the world / of existence
• भुवनस्य: Sambandha (genitive: of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (प्रातिपदिक) < भू

• प्रचेतसः: the wise, foreknowing
• प्रचेतसः: Kartā (apposition to ये)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: प्रचेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वस्य: of all, of the whole
• विश्वस्य: Sambandha (genitive: of)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्थातुः: of what stands / of the stationary
• स्थातुः: Sambandha (genitive dependent on मन्तवः: ‘knowers of …’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्थातृ (प्रातिपदिक) < स्था

• जगतः: of what moves / of the moving world
• जगतः: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत् (प्रातिपदिक) < गम्

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मन्तवः: thinkers, knowers
• मन्तवः: Kartā (apposition to ये/प्रचेतसः) / ‘knowers’
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्तु (प्रातिपदिक) < मन्

• ते: they
• ते: Kartā (of the main clause)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• नः: for us / our
• नः: Sampradāna/beneficiary (for us) / possessive genitive
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• कृतात्: from what is done (committed)
• कृतात्: Apādāna (from)
• Type: Noun (kṛdanta used substantively)
• Root: कृत (ppp) < कृ

• अकृतात्: from what is not done / from omission
• अकृतात्: Apādāna (from)
• Type: Noun (kṛdanta used substantively)
• Root: अकृत (neg. ppp) < कृ

• एनसः: of sin, of guilt
• एनसः: Sambandha (genitive with स्पर्य: ‘of sin’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एनस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्पर्य: protect (us), keep (us) away
• स्पर्य: Kriyā (request: ‘save/protect’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्पृश्/स्पर्श् (धातु; Vedic injunctive/imperative stem)

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य

• देवासः: O gods / the gods
• देवासः: Kartā (vocative-like nominative address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• पिपृत: lead across / protect / bring to safety
• पिपृत: Kriyā (main request)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पॄ/पॢ (धातु; ‘to fill, to bring across, to protect’)

• स्वस्तये: for well-being, for welfare
• स्वस्तये: Sampradāna (for welfare) / purpose
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वस्ति (प्रातिपदिक)