Rig Veda 10.36.9: Mandala 10, Sukta 36, Mantra 9

Sukta 10.36

Rishi: Unknown/uncertain (Book 10; Anukramaṇi-dependent)

Devata: Viśve Devāḥ (refrain), with ethical-psychological opposition to brahmadviṣ

Chandas: Jagatī (probable; needs syllable verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

सनेम तत्सुसनिता सनित्वभिर्वयं जीवा जीवपुत्रा अनागसः । ब्रह्मद्विषो विष्वगेनो भरेरत तद्देवानामवो अद्या वृणीमहे ॥

Transliteration

sanéma tát susánitā sanitvá-bhir vayaṃ jīvā́ jīvá-putrā anā́gasaḥ | brahmadvíṣo víṣvag éno bharerata tád devā́nām ávo adyā́ vṛṇīmahe ||

Translation

لِنَفُزْ بذلك الفوزِ الحقّ بقُوَى الكَسْبِ القويم—نحن أحياء، لنا أبناء أحياء، بلا ذنب. ولْيَحْمِلْ مُبغِضو الكلمةِ المقدّسةِ (برهمن) إثمَهم الأعوجَ بعيدًا؛ ذلك العَوْنَ الحامي للآلهة نختاره اليوم.

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Word by Word

• सनेम: may we win / may we obtain
• सनेम: Kartā (speaker ‘we’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सन् (san) ‘to gain, win’

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• सु-सनिता: the good bestower/winner (bounteous one)
• सु-सनिता: Kartā (as invoked agent/benefactor) / Sambodhyārtha (epithet)
• Type: Noun (agent) / epithet
• Root: सु- + सनितृ (from √सन्)

• सनित्वभिः: by (means of) winnings / by gains
• सनित्वभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सनित्व (from √सन्; ‘winning, gain’)

• वयम्: we
• वयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• जीवाः: living, alive
• जीवाः: Kartā (apposition to वयम्)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: जीव (adj. from √जीव् ‘to live’)

• जीवपुत्राः: having living sons / with sons alive
• जीवपुत्राः: Kartā (apposition to वयम्)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (compound)
• Root: जीव + पुत्र (tatpuruṣa compound)

• अनागसः: sinless, guiltless
• अनागसः: Kartā (apposition to वयम्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्- + आगस् (n.) ‘sin, fault’

• ब्रह्मद्विषः: haters of sacred word/prayer (brahman)
• ब्रह्मद्विषः: Kartā (of following verb) / adversaries as subject
• Type: Noun/Adjective (compound)
• Root: ब्रह्मन् + द्विष् (from √द्विष् ‘to hate’) (bahuvrīhi)

• विश्वगेनः: the all-ranging/all-conquering one
• विश्वगेनः: Kartā (as named/epithet subject with following verb) or Sambodhyārtha
• Type: Adjective (epithet) / proper-like epithet
• Root: विश्व + गेन (epithet; ‘going among all / all-conquering’ as a compound adjective)

• भरेरन्: may they carry off / may they bear away
• भरेरन्: Kriyā (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भृ (bhṛ) ‘to bear, carry, bring’

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (possessive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• अवः: help, protection
• अवः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (n.) ‘help, protection, favor’

• अद्य: today, now
• अद्य: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (indeclinable)

• वृणीमहे: we choose / we seek
• वृणीमहे: Kriyā (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वृ (vṛ) ‘to choose, select’