Rig Veda 10.18.6: Mandala 10, Sukta 18, Mantra 6

Sukta 10.18

Rishi: RV 10.18 funerary hymn seer tradition.

Devata: Tvaṣṭṛ (Fashioner) as the power that reforms life and embodiment; supports longevity.

Chandas: Triṣṭubh.

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

आ रोहतायुर्जरसं वृणाना अनुपूर्वं यतमाना यति ष्ठ । इह त्वष्टा सुजनिमा सजोषा दीर्घमायुः करति जीवसे वः ॥

Transliteration

ā́ rohata ā́yur járasaṃ vṛṇānā́ anupūrváṃ yátamānā yáti ṣṭha | ihá tváṣṭā sujánimā sajóṣā dī́rgham ā́yuḥ karati jīváse vaḥ ||

Translation

انهضوا، مختارين الحياةَ ونُضجَ العمر؛ ساعين في تعاقبٍ قويم، امضوا قُدُمًا وخذوا مقامكم. ههنا لِيَجعلْ تْفَشْتْرِ (Tvaṣṭṛ)، بقوّةِ الإيلادِ الحسن، وباتّفاقٍ واحد، لكم عمرًا مديدًا للعيش.

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Word by Word

• आ: forth, up (as preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)

• रोहत: climb, mount
• रोहत: Kartā (implied ‘you all’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुह् (धातु) / ruh

• आयुः: life, lifespan
• आयुः: Karma (object of ‘choose’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक) / āyus

• जरसम्: old age, aging
• जरसम्: Karma (co-object with āyus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जरस् (प्रातिपदिक) / jaras

• वृणाना: choosing (for oneself)
• वृणाना: Kartā (agreeing with implied feminine subject, e.g. ‘(she/they) choosing’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृ (धातु) / vṛ ‘choose’

• अनुपूर्वम्: in due order, successively
• अनुपूर्वम्: —
• Type: Adjective/Adverb
• Root: अनुपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) / anupūrva

• यतमानाः: striving, making effort
• यतमानाः: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: यत् (धातु) / yat ‘strive, exert’

• यति: the ascetic, the self-controlled one
• यति: Kartā (subject of ‘goes’/‘moves’ implied)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यति (प्रातिपदिक) / yati

• ष्ठ: stand; stay; take your place
• ष्ठ: Kartā (addressed ‘you’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) / sthā

• इह: here
• इह: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह (अव्यय) / iha

• त्वष्टा: Tvaṣṭṛ (the divine artisan)
• त्वष्टा: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक) / tvaṣṭṛ

• सुजनिमा: good birth/creation; good begetting
• सुजनिमा: Karma (what is fashioned/appointed)
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: सु-जनिमन्/जनिमा (प्रातिपदिक) / su-janiman

• सजोषाः: in concord, of one mind
• सजोषाः: Kartā (agreeing with a plural subject, e.g. ‘you all, being of one accord’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सजोषस् (प्रातिपदिक) / sajoṣas

• दीर्घम्: long
• दीर्घम्: Karma (qualifying āyus)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीर्घ (प्रातिपदिक) / dīrgha

• आयुः: life, lifespan
• आयुः: Karma (object of ‘makes’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक) / āyus

• करति: makes, fashions
• करति: — (verbal predicate; kartā = Tvaṣṭā)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) / kṛ

• जीवसे: for living, to live
• जीवसे: Sampradāna/Purpose
• Type: Verb
• Root: जीव् (धातु) / jīv

• वः: for you; of you (pl.)
• वः: Sampradāna/Beneficiary
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम) / yuṣmad