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Rig Veda 10.17.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 17, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.17

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional; verify)
Devata: Mythic complex: Saraṇyū, Vivasvat, Aśvins; theme of amṛta
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

अपागूहन्नमृतां मर्त्येभ्यः कृत्वी सवर्णामददुर्विवस्वते । उताश्विनावभरद्यत्तदासीदजहादु द्वा मिथुना सरण्यूः ॥

apāgūhann amṛtāṃ martyebhyaḥ kṛtvī sa-varṇām adadur vivasvate | utāśvināv abharad yat tad āsīd ajahād u dvā mithunā saraṇyūḥ ||

أَخْفَوُا الخالدةَ عن الفانين؛ وصنعوا شبيهةً لها فوهبوها لِفيفَسْفَت (Vivasvat). ثم إنَّ الأَشْفِنَيْن (Aśvins) أعادا ما كان حقًّا؛ وسَرَنْيُو (Saraṇyū) حقًّا تركت التوأمين—إشارةً إلى سرِّ الخلودِ المستورِ والحقيقةِ المستعادة.

अपaway, off
अप:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (उपसर्ग) / अप (अव्यय)
अगूहन्they hid/concealed
अगूहन्:
Kriyā (verb); Kartā = implied ‘they’
TypeVerb
Rootगूह् (गुह्) ‘to hide, conceal’
अमृताम्the immortal one (woman)
अमृताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअमृत (प्रातिपदिक) < a- + मृ (to die)
मर्त्येभ्यःfrom mortals
मर्त्येभ्यः:
Apādāna
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
कृत्वीhaving made
कृत्वी:
— (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeVerbal indeclinable
Rootकृ (धातु) → कृत्वी (absolutive/gerund, Vedic)
सवर्णाम्of like form/appearance
सवर्णाम्:
Karma (as complement of ‘made’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootसवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक) = ‘of same appearance/colour’
अददुःthey gave
अददुः:
Kriyā (verb); Kartā = implied ‘they’
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) ‘to give’
विवस्वतेto Vivasvat (the Sun)
विवस्वते:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootविवस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक; सूर्य/विवस्वान्)
उतand also / moreover
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत (अव्यय)
अश्विनौthe two Aśvins
अश्विनौ:
Kartā
TypeNoun (dual deity)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अभरत्brought/bore
अभरत्:
Kriyā (verb)
TypeVerb
Rootभृ (धातु) ‘to bear, bring’
यत्what/that which
यत्:
Karma (of ‘brought’) / correl. with तत्
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
Kartā (of ‘was’) / predicate reference
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
Kriyā (copula)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु) ‘to be’
अजहात्left/abandoned
अजहात्:
Kriyā (verb)
TypeVerb
Rootहा (धातु) ‘to leave, abandon’ with preverb अ- (here as augment in aorist)
indeed / then
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (अव्यय)
द्वाtwo
द्वा:
— (quantifier)
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
मिथुनौthe pair/couple
मिथुनौ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमिथुन (प्रातिपदिक)
सरण्यूःSaraṇyū
सरण्यूः:
Kartā (of ‘left’)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootसरण्यू (प्रातिपदिक; proper name Saraṇyū)

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