Rig Veda 1.60.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 60, Mantra 4

Sukta 1.60

Rishi: Gautama (Gautamāsaḥ tradition for RV 1.60)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 1.60; verse-length and cadence consistent)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उशिक्पावको वसुर्मानुषेषु वरेण्यो होताधायि विक्षु । दमूना गृहपतिर्दम आँ अग्निर्भुवद्रयिपती रयीणाम् ॥

Transliteration

uśík-pāvako vásur mā́nuṣeṣu váreṇyo hótādhāyi vikṣú | damū́nā gṛhápatiḥ dáma ā́ agnír bhúvad rayipátī rayīṇā́m ||

Translation

اللَّهِيبُ المُتَّقِدُ، المُطَهَّرُ المُنِيرُ، كَنْزٌ حَقٌّ بَيْنَ البَشَرِ، الهوتَرُ المُخْتَارُ المُسْتَحَقُّ، قَدْ أُقِيمَ فِي العَشَائِرِ. وبِصِفَتِهِ سَاكِنَ البَيْتِ وَرَبَّ الدَّارِ، يَدْخُلُ أَغْنِي (Agni) إِلَى مَقَامِنَا المُسْتَقِرِّ، وَيَصِيرُ سَيِّدَ الفُيُوضِ (rayi)، حَارِسَ كُلِّ الغِنَى الدَّاخِلِيِّ.

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Word by Word

• उशिक्: Uśik (a name/epithet of Agni)
• उशिक्: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: उशिक्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘उशिक्’ = उषस्/उष्-सम्बद्ध ‘उश्’ ‘to desire/shine’ से व्युत्पन्न वैदिक नाम)

• पावकः: the purifier
• पावकः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: पावक- (पुं; √पू ‘to purify’ से)

• वसुः: the good one; the beneficent/wealth-giver
• वसुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वसु- (पुं; ‘good/wealth’)

• मानुषेषु: among humans
• मानुषेषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘human’)

• वरेण्यः: worthy to be chosen
• वरेण्यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरेण्य- (adj.; √वृ ‘to choose’)

• होता: the Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
• होता: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: होतृ- (पुं; √हु ‘to sacrifice/offer’)

• अधायि: was established/was set
• अधायि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √धा (to place/establish)

• विक्षु: among the clans/peoples
• विक्षु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्- (स्त्री; ‘clan/settlement, people’)

• दमूना: dwelling in the house; domestic
• दमूना: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दमून- (adj.; ‘house-abiding’, दम ‘house’ से)

• गृहपतिः: lord of the house
• गृहपतिः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: गृहपति- (पुं; गृह + पति)

• दमे: in the house
• दमे: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम- (पुं; ‘house’)

• आ: towards; indeed (preverb)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• अग्निः: Agni (fire-god)
• अग्निः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि- (पुं)

• भुवत्: became
• भुवत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (to be, become)

• रयिपतिः: lord of wealth
• रयिपतिः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयिपति- (पुं; रयि ‘wealth’ + पति)

• रयीणाम्: of riches/wealths
• रयीणाम्: सम्बन्ध (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रयि- (पुं; ‘wealth’)