Rig Veda 1.176.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 176, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.176
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional; verify)
Devata: Soma (and/or Indra-Soma protective function)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
असुन्वन्तं समं जहि दूणाशं यो न ते मयः । अस्मभ्यमस्य वेदनं दद्धि सूरिश्चिदोहते ॥
Transliteration
ásunvantaṃ samáṃ jahi dūṇā́śaṃ yó ná te máyaḥ | asmábhyam asyá védaṇaṃ daddhi sū́riś cid ohate ||
Translation
اضربْ مَن لا يَعصِرُ (السُّوما)، ذلك المُفسِدُ المُسَوِّي الذي لا يمنحك فرحَكَ. وأمّا لنا فامنحْ نصيبَه من الغنيمة؛ فحتى سيّدُ الثروة لا بدّ أن يُسلِّمَه—كي لا يُحجَبَ السرورُ الحقّ عن الطالب.
Word by Word
असु॑न्वन्तम्the non-presser (of Soma), the one who does not press
असु॑न्वन्तम्:
कर्म (object of जहि)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअ-√सु (सु ‘to press (Soma)’) → असुन्वन्त् (neg. pres. act. ptcp.)
समम्equally, outright, completely
समम्:
क्रियाविशेषण (manner of जहि)
TypeAdjective/Adverb
Rootसम (prātipadika) / सम ‘equal, same’
जहिstrike! slay!
जहि:
क्रिया (addressed to ‘you’, i.e., Indra)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हन ‘to strike, slay’)
दू॒णाशम्the harmful one, the injurer
दू॒णाशम्:
कर्म (object of जहि; in apposition to असुन्वन्तम्)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootदूणाश (prātipadika; ‘harmful, injurious’, RV adj.)
यःwho
यः:
कर्ता (of implied verb ‘is/acts’ in relative clause)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun) आधार: य-
नnot
न:
निषेध (negates relation to ‘te’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (particle of negation)
तेof you, your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (possessive relation with मयः)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (2nd pers. pronoun) → ते
मयःbenefit, refreshment, joy
मयः:
कर्म/प्रयोजन (that which he is not ‘for’/does not provide)
TypeNoun
Rootमयस् (prātipadika; ‘delight, refreshment, benefit’)
अ॒स्मभ्य॑म्to us
अ॒स्मभ्य॑म्:
सम्प्रदान (recipient)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (1st pers. pronoun) → अस्मभ्यम्
अस्यof him, of this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive with वेदनम्: ‘of him/this one’)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (pronoun) → अस्य
वेद॑नम्wealth, possession
वेद॑नम्:
कर्म (object of दद्धि)
TypeNoun
Rootवेदन (prātipadika; ‘property, possession, wealth’ in RV usage; lit. ‘that which is found/obtained’)
द॒द्धिgive! bestow!
द॒द्धि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दा ‘to give’) → दद्धि (imperative)
सू॒रिःthe patron, benefactor
सू॒रिः:
कर्ता (of ओहते)
TypeNoun
Rootसूरि (prātipadika; ‘patron, benefactor, lord’)
चि॑त्even
चि॑त्:
निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (particle: ‘even, indeed’)
ओहतेbrings, conveys, procures
ओहते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वह् / √ऊह् (Vedic: ओहते ‘he brings/hauls/sets in motion’; middle)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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