Rig Veda 1.104.3 — Mandala 1, Sukta 104, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.104
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa
Devata: Indra (implicit context of overcoming hostile forces within the hymn)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अव त्मना भरते केतवेदा अव त्मना भरते फेनमुदन् । क्षीरेण स्नातः कुयवस्य योषे हते ते स्यातां प्रवणे शिफायाः ॥
Transliteration
áva tmánā bharate kétavedā áva tmánā bharate phénam udán | kṣīréṇa snātáḥ kúyavasya yóṣe haté te syātāṃ pravaṇé śíphāyāḥ ||
Translation
إلى أسفل، بطبيعته هو، يمضي كيتافيدا؛ وإلى أسفل، بطبيعته هو، يمضي الزَّبدُ على المياه. مُغتسِلَةً باللبن، يا زوجة كُيَفا، فليُضرَبا كلاهما فيسقطا على منحدر شيفَا—ولتَهلك البهجةُ الكاذبةُ في هبوطها هي نفسها.
Word by Word
अवdown, away (prefix)
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग) अव-
त्मनाby (his/its) self; with one’s own person
त्मना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) / त्मना (इन्स्ट्रु. एक.)
भरतेbears, carries, brings
भरते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरणे)
केतवेदाKetuveda (‘knower of the banner/sign’; an epithet/name)
केतवेदा:
Kartā
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootकेतु- + वेद (√विद् ‘to know’) → केतु-वेद (प्रातिपदिक)
अवdown, away (prefix)
अव:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (उपसर्ग) अव-
त्मनाby himself/itself
त्मना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
भरतेbears, carries
भरते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (भरणे)
फेनम्foam
फेनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफेन (प्रातिपदिक)
उदन्water
उदन्:
Kartā (as subject ‘water’ bears foam) / or Adhikaraṇa (contextual ‘in water’)
TypeNoun
Rootउदन्/उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
क्षीरेणwith milk
क्षीरेण:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootक्षीर (प्रातिपदिक)
स्नातःbathed, washed
स्नातः:
Kartā (of implied action/state)
TypeParticiple
Root√स्ना (स्नाने) → स्नात (क्त)
कुयवस्यof Kuyava (a person/foe)
कुयवस्य:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootकुयव (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
योषेO woman
योषे:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootयोषा/योष् (प्रातिपदिक ‘woman’)
हतेwhen slain; slain
हते:
Adhikaraṇa (locative circumstance) / or Karma-state
TypeParticiple
Root√हन् (हिंसायाम्) → हत (क्त)
तेthose two / the two of you
ते:
Kartā (with स्याताम्)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम)
स्याताम्may they be
स्याताम्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू/अस्ति) → स्याताम्
प्रवणेin/on the slope, in the declivity
प्रवणे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवण (प्रातिपदिक)
शिफायाःof Śiphā (a place/river/region)
शिफायाः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun (proper/toponym)
Rootशिफा (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
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