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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 33, Shloka 7

त्रयस्त्रिंशः सर्गः

Civic Lament and Rama’s Dutiful Approach to Daśaratha

ऐश्वर्यस्य रसज्ञः सन् कामिनां चैव कामदः।नेच्छत्येवानृतं कर्तुं पितरं धर्मगौरवात्।।।।

aiśvaryasya rasajñaḥ san kāmināṃ caiva kāmadaḥ | necchaty evānṛtaṃ kartuṃ pitaraṃ dharmagauravāt ||

مع أنه خبيرٌ بلذّة السلطان ونعيم الملك، وهو مُعطي رغبات الراغبين، فإن راما—تعظيماً للدارما—لا يريد أن يجعل أباه كاذباً في وعده.

ऐश्वर्यस्यof sovereignty/affluence
ऐश्वर्यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Genitive Singular)
रसज्ञःone who knows/enjoys pleasures
रसज्ञः:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootरस + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; रामस्य विशेषणम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः (‘knower/enjoyer of taste/pleasure’)
सन्being
सन्:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Root√अस् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘being’
कामिनाम्of those who desire
कामिनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootकामिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Genitive Plural)
and
:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
एवindeed
एव:
सम्बन्ध (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात (emphasis)
कामदःgiver/fulfiller of desires
कामदः:
कर्ता-विशेषण
TypeNoun
Rootकाम + द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; रामस्य विशेषणम्; समासः तत्पुरुषः (‘giver of desires’)
not
:
निषेध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
इच्छतिwishes
इच्छति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√इष् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
एवat all/indeed
एव:
सम्बन्ध (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-निपात
अनृतम्falsehood/untruth
अनृतम्:
कर्म (object of kartuṃ)
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
कर्तुम्to do/make
कर्तुम्:
प्रयोजन/अन्वय (complement of icchati)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु) + तुमुन् (कृदन्त)
Formतुमुनन्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (infinitive)
पितरम्(to) his father
पितरम्:
कर्म (object; toward father)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
धर्मगौरवात्out of reverence for dharma
धर्मगौरवात्:
हेतु (Hetu/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + गौरव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (ablative of cause); समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (‘reverence for dharma’)

Rama who enjoyed the comforts of affluence gratifies those who have desires. Out of veneration for righteousness, he does not want to prove his father false (to his promise).

R
Rāma
D
Daśaratha

FAQs

Pitṛ-vākya and satya are upheld: Rāma values dharma so highly that he will not allow his father’s promise to become false, even at personal cost.

Public commentary frames Rāma’s conduct: people explain that his acceptance of hardship is rooted in protecting Daśaratha’s truthfulness and dharma.

Rāma’s truth-centered obedience and reverence for dharma (self-restraint despite access to luxury and power).