Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 73

Nirukta, Phonetic Variants, and Vedic Dhātu–Svara Taxonomy

Devanagari script

तत्करोति तदाचष्टे हेतुमत्यपि णिर्मतः । धात्वर्थे कर्तृकरणाञ्चित्राद्याश्चापि धातवः ॥ ७३ ॥

Transliteration

tatkaroti tadācaṣṭe hetumatyapi ṇirmataḥ | dhātvarthe kartṛkaraṇāñcitrādyāścāpi dhātavaḥ || 73 ||

Translation

«يفعل ذلك» و«يُعرِّف بذلك»—بهذا تُعرَّف الجذور الفعلية، وإن حملت معنى التسبّب (السببية). وبالنظر إلى معنى الجذر، فثمّة جذور تدلّ أساسًا على الفاعل والآلة، وكذلك جذور أخرى شتّى الأنواع ومتنوّعة.

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• करोति: does/makes
• करोति: Kriya (क्रिया/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आचष्टे: tells/declares
• आचष्टे: Kriya (क्रिया/Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + चक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• हेतुमति: in the causative sense (having a cause)
• हेतुमति: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Domain)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हेतुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying domain)

• अपि: also/even
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• णिः: the affix ‘ṇi’ (causative marker)
• णिः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: णि (प्रत्यय/अव्ययवत्-उल्लेख)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; प्रत्यय-नाम (causative affix ‘ṇi’)

• मतः: is considered/held (to be)
• मतः: Karma (कर्म/Predicative)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (predicate adjective)

• धात्वर्थे: in the sense of a root
• धात्वर्थे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Domain)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः

• कर्तृकरणात्: from (the notions of) agent and instrument
• कर्तृकरणात्: Apadana (अपादान/Source)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्तृ + करण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वः (agent-and-instrument)

• चित्राद्याः: (those) beginning with ‘citra’
• चित्राद्याः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्र + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (beginning with ‘citra’)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• धातवः: roots
• धातवः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

Speaker

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical exposition aligned with Vyakarana)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It frames precise speech (śabda) and correct understanding of action (karma) through Vyākaraṇa: knowing how roots convey agency and means supports clarity in dharma-practice and removes confusion that obstructs mokṣa-oriented discernment.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Indirectly: Bhakti is strengthened when scripture is understood without distortion. This verse emphasizes disciplined interpretation of words (dhātu-artha, causative sense), which protects devotional teachings from misreading.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): classification of verbal-root meanings, including causative (hetumati) formation and how roots can denote agent (kartṛ) and instrument (karaṇa) as part of semantic analysis.