Shloka 4

Adhyaya 44 — Subahu’s Counsel to the King of Kashi and Alarka’s Renunciation through Yoga

Sanskrit

ततो मया समाक्रम्य राज्यमस्यानुजस्य ते ।

एतत्ते बलमानितं तद्भुङ्क्ष्वस्वकुलोचितम् ॥

Transliteration

tato mayā samākramya rājyam asyānujasya te |

etat te balam ānītaṃ tad bhuṅkṣva sva-kulocitam ||

Translation

ثم إني استوليتُ على مملكةِ هذا الأخِ الأصغرِ لك. وقد جئتُ إليك بهذا الجيش/بهذه القوة؛ فتمتّع بها على الوجه اللائق بسلالتك.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Instrumental Singular (तृतीया एकवचन)

• samākramya: having overrun
• samākramya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√kram (क्रम् धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), ‘having attacked/overrun’

• rājyam: kingdom
• rājyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन)

• asya: of this (man)/his
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine Genitive Singular (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• anujasya: of the younger brother
• anujasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anuja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine Genitive Singular (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• te: of you/your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive Singular (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन)

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Dative Singular (चतुर्थी एकवचन)

• balam: by force
• balam: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन) used adverbially ‘by force/with strength’

• ānītam: brought
• ānītam: Karma-sāmānādhikaraṇya (कर्मसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√nī (नी धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta past passive participle (क्त, कर्मणि), Neuter Accusative Singular; ‘brought’

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन)

• bhuṅkṣva: enjoy/possess
• bhuṅkṣva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhuj (भुज् धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person Singular (मध्यमपुरुष एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• sva-kula-ucitam: befitting your own lineage
• sva-kula-ucitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva + kula + ucita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘svasya kulasya ucitam’; Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन) qualifying tat

Speakers

• Subāhu

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Restitution
• Lineage-based duty
• Transfer of power

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse reflects a dharmic ideal of restitution—returning what is proper to the rightful holder—and frames political authority as accountable to lineage and social order.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita: deeds of kings and succession-related events, a common Purāṇic narrative mode.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Bringing the army’ can symbolize gathering scattered faculties (indriyas/energies) back under rightful inner governance, aligning power with dharma rather than impulse.