Shloka 42

Adhyaya 43 — Portents of Death (Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇas) and the Yogin’s Response; Alarka Renounces Kingship

Sanskrit

तस्य भागे तथैवाह्नो योगं युञ्जीत योगवित् ।

पूर्वाह्ने चापराह्ने च मध्याह्ने चापि तद्दिने ॥

Transliteration

tasya bhāge tathaivāhno yogaṃ yuñjīta yogavit / pūrvāhne cāparāhne ca madhyāhne cāpi tad dine

Translation

وفي ذلك الجزء بعينه من اليوم، على العارف باليوغا أن يمارس اليوغا—سواء أكان ذلك في الصباح، أو بعد الظهر، أو عند منتصف النهار، في ذلك اليوم.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of that
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Gen.), एकवचन; ‘of that (time/period)’

• भागे: in (that) part/portion
• भागे: अधिकरण (Location/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Loc.), एकवचन; ‘in a portion’

• तथा: thus
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverb)

• एव: indeed, just
• एव: निपात (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निश्चय/Emphasis particle)

• अह्नः: of the day
• अह्नः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Gen.), एकवचन; ‘of the day’

• योगम्: yoga, yogic practice
• योगम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc.), एकवचन

• युञ्जीत: should practice
• युञ्जीत: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; ‘should practice/apply’

• योगवित्: the knower of yoga
• योगवित्: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योगविद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nom.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: योगं वेत्ति (knower of yoga)

• पूर्वाह्ने: in the forenoon
• पूर्वाह्ने: अधिकरण (Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्वाह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Loc.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: पूर्वः अह्नः

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/Conjunction)

• अपराह्ने: in the afternoon
• अपराह्ने: अधिकरण (Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपराह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Loc.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: अपरः अह्नः

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/Conjunction)

• मध्याह्ने: at midday
• मध्याह्ने: अधिकरण (Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मध्याह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Loc.), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः: मध्यः अह्नः

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/Conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: निपात (Additive)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/Emphatic ‘also’)

• तत्: that
• तत्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Loc.), एकवचन; used with दिने: ‘on that’

• दिने: on the day
• दिने: अधिकरण (Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Loc.), एकवचन

Speakers

• Instructional voice addressing King Alarka (ālarka)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga regimen
• Auspicious/critical timing
• Discipline
• Response to omens

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The teaching is pragmatic: spiritual practice is scheduled with precision at the very time-window implicated by the sign—turning anxiety into disciplined action.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Not pancalakṣaṇa material; it is prescriptive yoga-dharma (ācāra) within a philosophical discourse.

What is the esoteric significance?

Time-of-day corresponds to shifts in guṇas and prāṇic currents; aligning practice with that segment aims to neutralize the karmic ‘opening’ indicated by the omen.