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Shloka 47

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

सपिण्डानां सपिण्डस्तु मृते 'न्यस्मिन्मृतो यदि ।

पूर्वाशौचसमाख्यातैः कार्यास्त्वत्र दिनैः क्रियाः ॥

Transliteration

sapiṇḍānāṃ sapiṇḍas tu mṛte 'nyasmin mṛto yadi | pūrvāśauca-samākhyātaiḥ kāryās tv atra dinaiḥ kriyāḥ ||

Translation

إذا مات واحدٌ من أقارب السَّبِنْدَه (sapiṇḍa) بينما كانت أَشَوْتْشَا (aśauca) الناشئة عن وفاةٍ سابقة ما تزال قائمة، ثم مات سَبِنْدَهٌ آخر، فلتُؤدَّ الطقوس المذكورة هنا بحسب الأيام المحسوبة ضمن الأَشَوْتْشَا السابقة.

Word by Word
सपिण्डानाम्of sapinda relatives
सपिण्डानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootसपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन; ‘of sapinda-relatives’
सपिण्डःa sapinda (relative)
सपिण्डः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसपिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन
तुbut
तु:
सम्बन्ध/विरोध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle; contrast/emphasis)
मृतेwhen (one) has died
मृते:
अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (कृदन्त; √मृ (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘when (someone) has died’
अन्यस्मिन्in another (case/person)
अन्यस्मिन्:
अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘in another (person)’
मृतःdies / is dead
मृतः:
कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootमृत (कृदन्त; √मृ (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; ‘dead’
यदिif
यदि:
हेतु/शर्त (condition)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (conditional particle)
पूर्वprevious
पूर्व:
समासाङ्ग (निर्देशक)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासपूर्वपद (indeclinable in compound); ‘previous’
अशौचimpurity
अशौच:
समासाङ्ग (निर्देशक)
TypeNoun
Rootअशौच (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, समासपूर्वपद; ‘impurity’
समाख्यातैःby those (days) declared for the previous impurity
समाख्यातैः:
करण (Instrumental/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाख्यात (कृदन्त; सम्+आ+√ख्या (धातु) + क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः: पूर्व-अशौच-समाख्यात = ‘as declared for the previous impurity’
कार्याःare to be performed
कार्याः:
विधेय (predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्य (कृदन्त; √कृ (धातु) + ण्यत्)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (विधेय), बहुवचन; ण्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त ‘to be done’
तुindeed/but
तु:
सम्बन्ध/विरोध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (particle)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
देशाधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb of place)
दिनैःwith days / by days
दिनैः:
करण (Instrumental/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन
क्रियाःrites/acts
क्रियाः:
कर्म/विधेय (things to be done)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/विधेय), बहुवचन
Speakers
Dharma-instruction within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse (speaker not specified in the excerpt)
Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes
Compound mourning periodsSapiṇḍa dharmaRitual calendricsAśauca continuity rules

FAQs

The system prevents endless disruption: overlapping deaths are handled by reference to an existing impurity-cycle, maintaining ritual coherence and social functionality.

Ācāra/dharma instruction embedded in the purāṇa.

Aśauca is treated like a single ‘field condition’; additional events within it do not create a new field but are absorbed into the existing liminal interval.

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