Shloka 110

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

युगपज्जलमग्निं च बिभृयान्न विचक्षणः ।

गुरुदेवान् प्रति तथा न च पादौ प्रसारयेत् ॥

Transliteration

yugapajjalamagniñca bibhṛyānna vicakṣaṇaḥ / gurudevān prati tathā na ca pādau prasārayet

Translation

لا ينبغي لذوي التمييز أن يحملوا الماءَ والنارَ معاً في وقتٍ واحد. وكذلك، في حضرة الغورو (guru) أو الآلهة، لا يمدّ المرءُ قدميه.

Word by Word

• yugapat: simultaneously
• yugapat: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yugapat (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) of manner/time: 'simultaneously'

• jalam: water
• jalam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular

• agnim: fire
• agnim: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• bibhṛyāt: should hold/carry
• bibhṛyāt: Vidhi (विधि/Prescription)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhṛ (भृ धातु)
• Form: Optative/विधिलिङ्, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध)

• vicakṣaṇaḥ: a prudent man
• vicakṣaṇaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vicakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; subject

• guru-devān: teachers and gods
• guru-devān: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative Plural; द्वन्द्व: 'gurus and gods'

• prati: towards / in front of
• prati: Pratiyogin/Direction (प्रति/दिशा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: prati (अव्यय)
• Form: Preposition-like indeclinable (उपसर्गसदृश अव्यय) governing accusative: 'towards/in presence of'

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb: 'thus/likewise'

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• pādau: (one’s) two feet
• pādau: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative Dual (द्विवचन)

• prasārayet: should stretch out
• prasārayet: Vidhi (विधि)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√sṛ (सृ धातु) causative? actually denominative from prasāra; standard verb √sṛ with prefix pra
• Form: Optative/विधिलिङ्, Parasmaipada, 3rd Person Singular; 'should extend/spread'

Speakers

• Didactic narrator within Markandeya Purana’s dharma-teaching context (frame not explicit in these verses)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Agni
• Devas

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Etiquette
• Purity
• Guru-bhakti

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Restraint and reverence are marks of cultivation: avoid heedless mixing of potent elements (fire/water) and maintain bodily humility before teachers and the sacred.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This is ācāra (normative conduct), outside the five narrative-lakṣaṇas; it functions as dharma-śikṣā embedded in Purāṇic discourse.

What is the esoteric significance?

Fire and water can signify tejas and soma/śānti; not ‘bearing both together’ cautions against unintegrated opposites. Not extending feet signals containment of ego and disciplined embodiment before higher principles.