Shloka 2

Adhyaya 30 — Madālasā’s Instruction on Household Duties and Naimittika–Śrāddha Rites

Sanskrit

पञ्चयज्ञाश्रितं नित्यं यदेतत् कथितं तव । नैमित्तिकं तथैवान्यत् पुत्रजन्मक्रियादिकम् ॥

Transliteration

pañcayajñāśritaṃ nityaṃ yad etat kathitaṃ tava | naimittikaṃ tathaivānyat putrajanmakriyādikam ||

Translation

وما شُرِح لك على أنه الواجب اليومي قائمٌ على القرابين الخمسة (بانتشا-يَجْنَة). أمّا الواجبات العارضة فمِن نوعٍ آخر—كالشعائر المتصلة بولادة الابن وما يماثلها من المراسم.

Word by Word

• pañca-yajña-āśritam: resting on the five sacrifices
• pañca-yajña-āśritam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pañca (प्रातिपदिक) + yajña (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrita (कृदन्त; √śri धातु)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); ‘based on the five sacrifices’

• nityam: regularly
• nityam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक used adverbially)
• Form: Adverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया)

• yat: which
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative Singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन); correlates with etat

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative Singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन)

• kathitam: told/declared
• kathitam: Kriyā (क्रिया/भाव)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kath (धातु)
• Form: Past participle (क्त), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative Singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन)

• tava: to you/of you
• tava: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान; recipient in sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• naimittikam: occasional (duty)
• naimittikam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: naimittika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय)

• eva: indeed/also
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/emphasis (निपात)

• anyat: another/other
• anyat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• putra-janma-kriyā-ādikam: (rites) beginning with the ceremonies at a son’s birth, etc.
• putra-janma-kriyā-ādikam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक) + janma (प्रातिपदिक) + kriyā (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); ‘beginning with rites at a son’s birth’

Speakers

• Madālasa to her son

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Pañca-yajña
• Saṃskāras
• Householder ritual schedule

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Daily worship is not optional; it is structured through pañca-yajñas. Life-events (birth etc.) add specific duties, showing dharma as both steady practice and contextual responsibility.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/Dharma instruction; it complements purāṇic culture but is not part of the five defining narrative marks.

What is the esoteric significance?

Pañca-yajña implies a fivefold relational universe (knowledge, gods, ancestors, beings, humans). Saṃskāras like birth-rites mark karmic thresholds where intention can redirect lineage and mind.