Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Adhyaya 28Alarka Inquires into Varna and Ashrama Dharma; Madalasa Defines the Fourfold Duties

तत्रैव वा गुरोर्गेहे द्विजो निष्ठामवाप्नुयात् ।

गुरोरभावे तत्पुत्रे तच्छिष्ये तత్సुतं विना ॥

tatraiva vā guror gehe dvijo niṣṭhām avāpnuyāt /

guror abhāve tatputre tacchiṣye tatsutaṃ vinā //

هناك بعينه—سواء في ذلك الآشرَم أو في بيت المعلّم—على «المولود مرتين» (دْوِجَ) أن يبلغ تمام انضباطه بثبات. فإن غاب الغورو فليكن ذلك تحت إشراف ابن الغورو، فإن لم يوجد فَتَحْتَ إشراف تلميذ الغورو، من غير تجاوز لهم، أي من غير إهمال لسلسلة السلطة التعليمية تلك.

tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)
evaindeed/only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण/निश्चयार्थक (emphatic particle)
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (or)
guroḥof the teacher
guroḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
gehein the house
gehe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootgeha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
dvijaḥa twice-born (Brahmin)
dvijaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
niṣṭhāmsteadfastness/firm observance
niṣṭhām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootniṣṭhā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
avāpnuyātshould attain
avāpnuyāt:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootava-√āp (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
guroḥof the teacher
guroḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootguru (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
abhāvein (his) absence
abhāve:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Condition/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootabhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; भावे/सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute sense: 'in the absence')
tat-putrein his son
tat-putre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Roottat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (tasya putre = in his son)
tat-śiṣyein his disciple
tat-śiṣye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Roottat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + śiṣya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (tasya śiṣye = in his disciple)
tat-sutamhis son
tat-sutam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Roottat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (tasya sutam)
vināwithout
vinā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Exclusion)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपसर्गसदृश/पूर्वपद-निषेधार्थक (preposition-like indeclinable meaning 'without', governs accusative)
Dharma-instruction narrative voice (contextual teacher-speaker within Markandeya Purana’s didactic discourse)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaBrahmacaryaGuru-śiṣya traditionVedic education

FAQs

Learning and discipline are safeguarded by legitimate mentorship. The text emphasizes continuity of authority (guru → son → disciple), discouraging self-authorized completion without recognized guidance.

Didactic dharma material (ācāra) rather than the cosmological five. It is an example of Purāṇas functioning as Dharma-śāstra-like instruction within narrative frames.

The ‘lineage of transmission’ symbolizes preservation of śruti/vidyā purity: knowledge ripens through humility and service, not merely personal effort.