Shloka 14

Adhyaya 25 — Madālāsā’s Return, Royal Succession, and the First Teaching to Vikrānta

Sanskrit

त्वं कञ्चुके शीर्यमाणे निजेऽस्मिंस्तस्मिंश्च देहे मूढतां मा व्रजेथाः ।

शुभाशुभैः कर्मभिर्देहमेतन्मदादिमूढैः सञ्चुकस्तेऽपिनद्धः ॥

Transliteration

tvaṃ kañcuke śīryamāṇe nije 'smiṃs tasmiṃś ca dehe mūḍhatāṃ mā vrajethāḥ / śubhāśubhaiḥ karmabhir deham etan madādimūḍhaiḥ sañcukaste 'pinaddhaḥ

Translation

حين تبلى هذه «الكسوة»—أي جسدك أنت—وتفنى، فلا تقع في الوهم بشأنها. إن هذا الجسد ليس إلا قميصًا مخيطًا مُحكمًا، ثُبِّت عليك من قِبَل المبهوتين (بدافع الكِبر ونحوه) بأفعالٍ كَرْميةٍ ميمونةٍ ومشؤومة.

Word by Word

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), उत्तम? (न), मध्यमपुरुष-संबोधनार्थ (2nd person reference); प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग/स्त्रीलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-अनिश्चित (gender not marked for pronoun)

• कञ्चुके: in the sheath/covering (body as a sheath)
• कञ्चुके: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कञ्चुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• शीर्यमाणे: (while) decaying, being worn away
• शीर्यमाणे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शीॄ (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि/आत्मनेपद-भावे (present passive/mediopassive sense), शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त (present participle), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine) — कञ्चुके इति विशेषणम्

• निजे: one’s own
• निजे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular) — कञ्चुके इति विशेषणम्

• अस्मिन्: in this
• अस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter context)

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• देहे: in the body
• देहे: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)

• मूढताम्: delusion, foolishness
• मूढताम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूढता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• मा: do not
• मा: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Prohibition marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (prohibitive particle)

• व्रजेथाः: you should go/enter (into)
• व्रजेथाः: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्रज् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• शुभ-अशुभैः: by good and bad
• शुभ-अशुभैः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक) + अशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्वसमास (copulative), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural) — कर्मभिः इति विशेषणम्

• कर्मभिः: by actions/deeds
• कर्मभिः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• देहम्: the body
• देहम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण (pronominal adjective), नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुल्लिङ्ग (agreeing with देहम्), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• मद-आदि-मूढैः: by those deluded by intoxication and the like
• मद-आदि-मूढैः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मद (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + मूढ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुषसमास (determinative; ‘madādyaiḥ mūḍhaiḥ’), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural) — (कर्मभिः) इति विशेषणम्

• सञ्चुकः: the sheath/covering
• सञ्चुकः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सञ्चुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम (pronoun), षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• अपिनद्धः: bound/fastened
• अपिनद्धः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपि-नह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त-प्रत्यय), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — सञ्चुकः इति विशेषणम्

Speakers

• Madālasā (queen) instructing her child (lullaby teaching)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Vairagya
• Karma
• Dehābhimāna (body-identification)
• Ātma-jñāna

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The body is impermanent and should not be treated as the self. Karma (good and bad) conditions embodiment; wisdom is to avoid pride-driven delusion and cultivate self-knowledge.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Not a pancalakṣaṇa unit (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita) but a didactic-adhyātma passage embedded in narrative (upākhyāna).

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Garment’ imagery points to the ātman as the wearer and the body as a temporary covering shaped by saṃskāras; liberation begins with loosening identification with the covering.