Shloka 28

Adhyaya 14 — The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

Sanskrit

एवं महान्ति पापानि दीर्घरोगादिविक्रियाम् ।

तद्वच्छस्त्राग्निकृच्छ्रार्ति-बन्धनादिफलाय वै ॥

Transliteration

evaṃ mahānti pāpāni dīrgharogādivikriyām / tadvacchastrāgnikṛcchrārti-bandhanādiphalāya vai

Translation

وهكذا فإن الكبائر تُفضي إلى اضطرابات كالأمراض الطويلة الأمد؛ وكذلك تُثمر آلاماً من السلاح والنار، وشدائد قاسية، وسجناً وما شابه ذلك.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (indeclinable: 'thus')

• mahānti: great
• mahānti: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahant (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Plural); विशेषण

• pāpāni: sins
• pāpāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Plural)

• dīrgha-roga-ādi-vikriyām: a disorder such as long illness, etc.
• dīrgha-roga-ādi-vikriyām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dīrgha + roga + ādi + vikriyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (Feminine, Accusative, Singular); तत्पुरुष (vikriyā qualified by 'long disease etc.')

• tadvat: likewise
• tadvat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/उपमान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadvat (अव्यय/तद्धित)
• Form: अव्यय; तद्वत् (indeclinable: 'likewise')

• śastra-agni-kṛcchra-ārti-bandhana-ādi-phalāya: for the result of weapons, fire, hardship, suffering, bondage, etc.
• śastra-agni-kṛcchra-ārti-bandhana-ādi-phalāya: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/चतुर्थी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śastra + agni + kṛcchra + ārti + bandhana + ādi + phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Dative, Singular); बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (for the result consisting of weapon, fire, hardship, pain, bondage, etc.)

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (emphatic particle)

Speakers

• Dialogue setting (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Major sin consequences
• Chronic illness
• Punishment
• Karma-phala

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Grave wrongdoing is said to mature as persistent suffering and external calamities (violence, disaster, confinement). The ethical intent is deterrence and a call to reform before harms intensify.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/karma-phala instruction; not directly Sarga/Pratisarga/Manvantara/Vaṃśa/Vaṃśānucarita.

What is the esoteric significance?

Chronic disease and confinement symbolize deep bondage of consciousness—patterns so entrenched they ‘imprison’ vitality and freedom. Liberation requires uprooting the causal tendencies, not merely treating symptoms.