Shloka 67

Devanagari script

क्षामयित्वा तु कौरव्यं रणादुत्तरमागतम्‌ । प्रशशंस ततो मत्स्य: शृण्वतः सव्यसाचिन:

Transliteration

kṣāmayitvā tu kauravyaṃ raṇād uttaram āgatam | praśaśaṃsa tato matsyaḥ śṛṇvataḥ savyasācinaḥ ||

Translation

قال فَيْشَمْبَايَنَة: بعدما التمس الملك فيرَاطَ الصفح من أمير الكورو (يودهيشثيرا)، أخذ يثني على أُتَّرَ الذي عاد من ساحة القتال—وكان ذلك وأرجونا، سَفْيَسَاتْشِي، الرامي الماهر بكلتا يديه، يسمع. ويُبرز المشهد واجب الملك في إعادة الوئام بالاعتذار، وفي تشجيع البأس علنًا، وإن ظلّ صانع النصر الحقيقي غير مُعلَنٍ ولا مُطالِبٍ بفضله.

Word by Word

• क्षामयित्वा: having asked forgiveness / having apologized
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोग (सामान्य), अव्यय (काल-निर्देशः पूर्वकर्म)

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• कौरव्यम्: the Kaurava (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• कौरव्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• रणात्: from the battle
• रणात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• उत्तरम्: Uttara (the prince)
• उत्तरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आगतम्: come/returned
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ-गम् (धातु) / आगत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रशशंस: praised
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-शंस् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ततः: then/thereupon
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• मत्स्यः: the Matsya king (Virāṭa)
• मत्स्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्स्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शृण्वतः: while (he was) listening; of the listener
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रु (धातु) / शृण्वत् (शतृ-कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• सव्यसाचिनः: of Savyasācin (Arjuna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सव्यसाचिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Kauravya (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• Matsya (King Virāṭa)
• Uttara
• Savyasācin (Arjuna)
• battlefield

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights royal and ethical conduct: wrongdoing is addressed through seeking forgiveness to restore social harmony, and courage is encouraged through public commendation. It also reflects restraint and discretion, since Arjuna—who truly ensured victory—remains uncredited due to the necessity of maintaining the Pāṇḍavas’ concealment.

What is happening in the narrative?

After apologizing to Yudhiṣṭhira, King Virāṭa praises his son Uttara for returning from the battle. Arjuna (Savyasācin) hears this praise, though he is the real warrior behind the success, consistent with the incognito setting of the Virāṭa episode.