Shloka 156

The Thirteen Inner Adversaries (Trayodaśa Doṣāḥ): Origins and Pacification

Devanagari script

इति श्रीमहाभारते शान्तिपर्वणि आपद्धर्मपर्वणि पवनशाल्मलिसंवादे षट्पज्चाशदधिकशततमो<ध्याय:

Transliteration

iti śrīmahābhārate śāntiparvaṇi āpaddharmaparvaṇi pavanāśālmalisaṃvāde ṣaṭpañcāśadadhikaśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ

Translation

وهكذا، في «شري مهابهاراتا»، ضمن «شانتِي بارفا»—وخاصةً في قسم «آبَدْدهَرما بارفا» (الدارما في أزمنة الشدة)—في الحوار بين بافانا (الريح) وشجرة شالْمَلي، تنتهي الفصل السادس والخمسون بعد المئة. وهذا خاتمةٌ (colophon) تُثبت انقضاء الفصل وتُبيّن موضع مناقشته الأخلاقية لسلوك المرء عند المحنة ضمن التعليم الأشمل.

Word by Word

• इति: thus; end-quote marker
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• श्रीमहाभारते: in the revered Mahābhārata
• श्रीमहाभारते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रीमहाभारत
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• शान्तिपर्वणि: in the Śānti-parvan
• शान्तिपर्वणि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शान्तिपर्वन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• आपद्धर्मपर्वणि: in the Āpaddharma-parvan (section on duties in distress)
• आपद्धर्मपर्वणि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आपद्धर्मपर्वन्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• पवनशाल्मलिसंवादे: in the dialogue of Pavana and Śālmalī
• पवनशाल्मलिसंवादे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पवनशाल्मलिसंवाद
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• षट्पञ्चाशदधिकशततमः: the one-hundred-and-fifty-sixth
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षट्पञ्चाशदधिकशततम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अध्यायः: chapter
• अध्यायः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अध्याय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śrī Mahābhārata
• Śānti Parva
• Āpaddharma Parva
• Pavana (Vāyu/Wind)
• Śālmalī tree

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

This line is a colophon rather than a doctrinal verse: it frames the teaching as part of Āpaddharma—ethical reasoning for situations of crisis—delivered through the Pavana–Śālmalī dialogue, emphasizing that the chapter’s instruction belongs to the Mahābhārata’s broader program of dharma-guidance.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma’s discourse reaches a chapter boundary: the text formally closes the chapter by naming the larger book (Mahābhārata), the parva (Śānti), the sub-parva (Āpaddharma), and the embedded dialogue (Pavana and the Śālmalī tree), and by stating the chapter number.