Shloka 52
Duryodhana-patana-anuśocana
The Fall of Duryodhana and the Contest of Restraint
यक्षाणां राक्षसानां च पिशाचानां तथैव च
yakṣāṇāṃ rākṣasānāṃ ca piśācānāṃ tathaiva ca
«ومن الياكشا (Yakṣa)، والراكشاسا (Rākṣasa)، وكذلك من البيشاشا (Piśāca) أيضًا…» (يمضي فايُو في كلامه مستحضرًا طبقاتٍ من الكائنات غير البشرية—كثيرًا ما تُنسب إلى الحراسة والعنف والترويع—ليُبيّن أن قوله يمتد عبر مراتبَ هائلة من النظام فوق الطبيعي، لا يقتصر على الفاعلين من البشر.)
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The line broadens the moral and narrative horizon: Vāyu’s point is meant to apply across powerful non-human classes as well, suggesting that dharma and consequence are not confined to human society but operate through a wider cosmic ecology of beings.
Vāyudeva is speaking and enumerates categories of supernatural beings—Yakṣas, Rākṣasas, and Piśācas—setting up or continuing a statement that concerns them collectively (the verse is syntactically incomplete on its own and expects continuation in the next pāda/verse).