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Shloka 126

Duryodhana-patana-anuśocana

The Fall of Duryodhana and the Contest of Restraint

यदेकविजये युद्ध पणितं घोरमीदृशम्‌ । पाण्डुनन्दन! एककी ही हार-जीतसे सबकी हार-जीतकी शर्त लगाकर जो इन्होंने इस भयंकर युद्धको जूएका दाँव बना डाला, यह धर्मराजकी बड़ी भारी नासमझी है

yad ekavijaye yuddhe paṇitaṃ ghoram īdṛśam | pāṇḍunandana! ekakī hi hāra-jītase sabkī hāra-jītakī śarta lagākara yo inhone is bhayaṅkara yuddhako jūe kā dāṃva banā ḍālā, yah dharmarājakī baṛī bhārī nāsamajhī hai |

قال فايُو: «يا ابنَ باندو! إنّ جعلَ هذا الرهانَ الرهيب معلّقًا على نصرٍ واحدٍ في القتال—بحيث تُعلَّق غلبةُ الجميع أو هزيمتُهم على رميةٍ واحدة، كأنّ هذه الحربَ الفظيعةَ رهانُ مقامر—لَهوَ حماقةٌ جسيمةٌ من دهرماراجا».

यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एक-विजयेin a single victory
एक-विजये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootएकविजय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पणितम्wagered, staked
पणितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb-derived (Past Passive Participle)
Rootपण्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
घोरम्terrible
घोरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
ईदृशम्such as this
ईदृशम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पाण्डु-नन्दनO son of Pāṇḍu
पाण्डु-नन्दन:
TypeNoun (Vocative address)
Rootपाण्डुनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
एककीof one (person)
एककी:
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootएकक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
हार-जीतयोःof/with (his) defeat and victory
हार-जीतयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootहारजीत
FormFeminine, Genitive/Locative, Dual
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
हार-जीतयोःof/with defeat and victory
हार-जीतयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootहारजीत
FormFeminine, Genitive/Locative, Dual
शर्तम्a condition, a stake
शर्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर्त
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
लगाकरhaving set/placed (as a stake)
लगाकर:
TypeIndeclinable (Gerund in Hindi; Sanskrit equivalent would be -त्वा)
Rootलग्
यत्which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एतैःby these (people)
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
घोर-युद्धम्this terrible war
घोर-युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootघोरयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ज्यूत-वत्as a game of dice, like gambling
ज्यूत-वत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootज्यूतवत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दावम्a stake, a wager
दावम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदाव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृतवन्तःhave made
कृतवन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb-derived (Past Active Participle)
Rootकृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एषाthis
एषा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्म-राजस्यof Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्म-राजस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
महतीgreat
महती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अविवेकताfolly, lack of discernment
अविवेकता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअविवेकता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
P
Pāṇḍunandana (a Pāṇḍava)
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
Y
yuddha (the war)
P
paṇa (wager/stake)
J
jūa (gambling, as an image)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, decisions must be governed by discernment and responsibility; turning collective fate into a single reckless wager is ethically blameworthy, especially for a ruler committed to dharma.

Vāyudeva addresses a Pāṇḍava and criticizes Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira) for allowing the conflict’s outcome to hinge on a single, dreadful ‘stake,’ likening the war to a gambler’s throw that endangers everyone.