Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 10

Gadā-yuddhe Bhīma–Duryodhanayoḥ Tumulaḥ Saṃprahāraḥ

Mace-duel’s intense exchange

राहुश्नाग्रसदादित्यमपर्वणि विशाम्पते । चकम्पे च महाकम्पं पृथिवी सवनद्रुमा

sañjaya uvāca | rāhuḥ śnāgrasad ādityam aparvaṇi viśāmpate | cakampe ca mahākampaṃ pṛthivī savanadrumā ||

قال سانجيا: «يا سيّد الناس، مع أنه لم يكن وقت المحاق، فإن راهو قبض على الشمس وابتلعها. ثم ارتجّت الأرض—بغاباتها وأشجارها—رجفةً عظيمة.» وفي سياق الحرب تشير مثل هذه الطوالع الكونية إلى انهيار النظام الميمون وتُنذر بدمارٍ جسيمٍ يهزّ الدهرما على وشك أن يقع.

राहुःRahu
राहुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अग्रसत्swallowed, seized (eclipsed)
अग्रसत्:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रस्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आदित्यम्the Sun
आदित्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अपर्वणिat a non-parvan time (not on the proper lunar day)
अपर्वणि:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-पर्वन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चकम्पेtrembled, shook
चकम्पे:
TypeVerb
Rootकम्प्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महाकम्पम्a great quake
महाकम्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहाकम्प
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पृथिवीthe earth
पृथिवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सवनद्रुमाtogether with forests and trees
सवनद्रुमा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-वन-द्रुम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
Rāhu
Ā
Āditya (Sun)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
F
forests
T
trees
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address viśāmpate)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses an untimely eclipse and an earthquake as portents: when adharma and mass violence peak, the world is portrayed as losing its normal auspicious rhythms. It warns that unrighteous action in war brings not only human ruin but a sense of cosmic imbalance and inevitable consequence.

Sañjaya reports ominous signs to the king: Rāhu eclipses the Sun at an improper time, and the earth shakes violently with forests and trees. These are narrative signals that a catastrophic turn in the battle is imminent.