Shloka 10
अध्याय ४ — दुर्योधनस्य असंधि-निश्चयः
Duryodhana’s Refusal of Reconciliation
Devanagari script
वधे चैव परो धर्मस्तथाधर्म: पलायने । ते सम घोरां समापन्ना जीविकां जीवितार्थिन:
Translation
«في الحرب، قتلُ العدو أو القتلُ على يده—كلاهما دارما عليا؛ أمّا الفرار من القتال فإثم عظيم وأدهرما. فجميع الكشاتريا، وهم يبتغون الحياة والمعاش، يتّخذون من ذلك الرزق المهيب سندًا.»
Word by Word
वधेin killing / in slaying
वधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
परःhighest / supreme
परः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty / righteousness
धर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाso / likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अधर्मःunrighteousness / sin
अधर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पलायनेin fleeing / in flight
पलायने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपलायन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सम्together / wholly (prefix-like particle)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
घोराम्terrible
घोराम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समापन्नाःhaving resorted to / having entered upon
समापन्नाः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आपद्
FormPast active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
जीविकाम्livelihood / means of living
जीविकाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजीविका
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जीवितार्थिनःseeking life / desirous of living
जीवितार्थिनः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवितार्थिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes