Shloka 22

Devanagari script

तौ दृष्टवा पुरुषव्याप्रौ शार्ट्लाविव घिष्ठितौ । बभूव परमो हर्षस्तावकानां विशाम्पते

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

tau dṛṣṭvā puruṣavyāghrau śārdūlāv iva dhiṣṭhitau |

babhūva paramo harṣas tāvakānāṃ viśāṃpate ||

Translation

قال سنجيا: يا سيد الناس، لما رأى جنودك هذين البطلين كالنمرين ثابتين كوحشين عظيمين، نهض فيهم سرورٌ بالغ.

Word by Word

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), Non-finite

• पुरुषव्याघ्रौ: two tiger-like men (best of men)
• पुरुषव्याघ्रौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषव्याघ्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• शार्दूलौ: two tigers
• शार्दूलौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शार्दूल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual

• इव: like/as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• घृष्टितौ: rubbed/brightened; (fig.) splendid, shining
• घृष्टितौ: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घृष्टित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Dual, क्त (past passive participle)

• बभूव: arose/was
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• परमः: supreme, very great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हर्षः: joy, delight
• हर्षः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर्ष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तावकानाम्: of your (people/soldiers)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तावक
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (gen. pl. common), Genitive, Plural

• विशाम्पते: O lord of the people (king)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विशाम्पति
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address viśāṃpate)
• Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)
• two foremost chariot-warriors (unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how martial splendor and the promise of victory can intoxicate an army with joy, even while the scene foreshadows the grave ethical burden of war—admiration for prowess coexists with the destructive inevitability of violent rivalry.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, upon seeing two supreme warriors standing firm and facing each other, the Kaurava troops were filled with great excitement and confidence, anticipating the outcome of the impending clash.