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Shloka 22

Chapter 12: Arjuna’s suppression of the Saṃśaptakas and duel with Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi

स नागप्रवरो>त्युग्रो विधिवत्‌ कल्पितो बभौ । उदयाद्रयग्रयभवनं यथाभ्युदितभास्करम्‌,उस अत्यन्त भयंकर गजराजको विधिपूर्वक सजाया गया था, वह सूर्योदयसे युक्त उदयाचलके उच्चतम शिखरके समान सुशोभित होता था शम्बरस्य शिरो यद्वन्निहतस्य महारणे । शोचयन्‌ केकयान्‌ सर्वान्‌ जगामाशु वसुन्धराम्‌ राजन! उस महासमरमें मारे गये अनुविन्दका कुण्डलमण्डित महान्‌ मस्तक शम्बरासुरके सिरके समान कटकर गिरा और समस्त केकयोंको शोकमें डालता हुआ शीतघ्र पृथ्वीपर जा पड़ा

sa nāgapravaro ’tyugro vidhivat kalpito babhau | udayādri-agra-bhavanaṃ yathābhyudita-bhāskaram || śambarasya śiro yadvan nihatasya mahāraṇe | śocayan kekayān sarvān jagāmāśu vasuṃdharām ||

قال سنجيا: إن ذلك الفيل، وهو أسبق الفيلة وأشدّها بأسًا وهيبة، قد زُيِّن على وفق القاعدة والانضباط، فكان يلمع كأعلى قمة في جبل أودايا حين تكون الشمس قد أشرقت لتوّها. ثم في تلك المعركة العظمى بدا رأس أنوفيندا المرصَّع بالجواهر، وقد قُطع وهوى، كأنه رأس الأسورا شمبرة حين قُتل؛ ولما لامس الأرض سريعًا ألقى جميع الكيكايا في غمرة الحزن.

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नागप्रवरःthe foremost of elephants
नागप्रवरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनागप्रवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्युग्रःvery fierce
अत्युग्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअत्युग्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विधिवत्according to rule; duly
विधिवत्:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत्
कल्पितःarranged/adorned
कल्पितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकल्पित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बभौshone; appeared
बभौ:
TypeVerb
Rootभा (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उदयाद्रिof the Udaya mountain (eastern mountain)
उदयाद्रि:
TypeNoun
Rootउदयाद्रि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अग्र्यभवनम्the foremost peak/abode (i.e., summit)
अग्र्यभवनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र्यभवन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यथाas; like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अभ्युदितभास्करम्with the sun risen; sun-illumined
अभ्युदितभास्करम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभ्युदितभास्कर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शम्बरस्यof Śambara
शम्बरस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootशम्बर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शिरःhead
शिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यद्वत्just as
यद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्वत्
निहतस्यof the slain
निहतस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिहत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
महारणेin the great battle
महारणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शोचयन्causing to grieve; grieving (others)
शोचयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशोचयत् (शुच्/शोच् caus.)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Present active participle
केकयान्the Kekayas
केकयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
जगामwent
जगाम:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आशुquickly
आशु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआशु
वसुन्धराम्the earth/ground
वसुन्धराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसुन्धरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
F
foremost elephant (nāgapravara)
U
Udaya mountain (Udayādri/Udayācala)
T
the Sun (Bhāskara)
Ś
Śambara (asura)
A
Anuvinda
K
Kekayas
E
Earth (Vasundharā)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical weight of war: even when martial duty is fulfilled with proper order and prowess, the outcome is marked by irreversible loss. The fall of a leader brings collective sorrow, reminding the listener that victory and splendor in battle are inseparable from grief and impermanence.

Sañjaya describes a fearsome, properly arrayed war-elephant shining like a sunrise-lit peak. He then reports that in the great battle Anuvinda’s ornamented head is cut off and falls to the earth, likened to the slain demon Śambara’s head, causing all the Kekayas to mourn.