Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 12

धृतराष्ट्र–संजय संवादः: कर्ण–घटोत्कचयोर्निशायुद्धवर्णनम्

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya Dialogue: Description of the Night Engagement of Karṇa and Ghaṭotkaca

नारिं जित्वातिकत्थन्ते न च जल्पन्ति दुर्वच:

nāriṃ jitvā'tikatthante na ca jalpanti durvacaḥ

قال سنجيا: «إذا غلبوا امرأةً بالغوا في التفاخر؛ غير أن أولئك الرجال ذوي الألسنة القاسية لا ينطقون بما يليق من ضبطٍ ووقار. يذمّ هذا البيت التبجّح الفارغ والكلام الجارح، مشيرًا إلى أن الشجاعة الحقة والدهرما تُعرفان بضبط النفس وحسن السلوك، لا بإذلال الضعيف.»

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अरिम्enemy
अरिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअरि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जित्वाhaving conquered
जित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootजि (जयति)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral in gerund)
अतिकत्थन्तेthey boast excessively
अतिकत्थन्ते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकथ् (कथयति/कथते) with prefix अति-; denominative stem कत्थ (कत्थते)
FormLat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जल्पन्तिthey speak/prattle
जल्पन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootजल्प्
FormLat (Present), Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
दुर्वचःharsh/abusive words
दुर्वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्वच (दुर् + वच)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
a woman (nāri)

Educational Q&A

Boasting after overpowering the vulnerable—especially a woman—and speaking harshly are condemned; dharma is reflected in restraint, humility, and disciplined speech rather than in cruel triumphalism.

Sañjaya comments critically on certain men’s behavior: after gaining an easy or improper victory over a woman, they indulge in loud self-praise and continue to use abusive, unrestrained speech.