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Shloka 38

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणाभिमुख्यं तथा सात्यकि-कर्ण-समागमः

Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s advance toward Droṇa and the Sātyaki–Karṇa confrontation

उनके द्वारा निन्दित होनेपर भी श्रीकृष्ण और अर्जुनने कोई अप्रिय बात नहीं कही तथा प्रशंसित होनेपर भी यूपकेतु भूरिश्रवाने हर्ष नहीं प्रकट किया ।। तांस्तथावादिनो राजन पुत्रांस्तव धनंजय: । अमृष्यमाणो मनसा तेषां तस्य च भाषितम्‌,राजन्‌! आपके पुत्र जब भूरिश्रवाकी ही भाँति निन्दाकी बातें कहने लगे, तब अर्जुन उनके तथा भूरिश्रवाके उस कथनको मन-ही-मन सहन न कर सके

sañjaya uvāca |

na nindyamānāv api kṛṣṇa-pārthau kiñcid apriyaṃ pratyūcatuḥ kadācit |

na stūyamāno ’pi ca yūpaketuḥ bhūriśravā harṣam avāpa rājān ||

tāṃs tathāvādino rājan putrāṃs tava dhanañjayaḥ |

amṛṣyamāṇo manasā teṣāṃ tasya ca bhāṣitam ||

قال سنجيا: حتى حين وُجِّهت إليهما الإهانات لم يقل كريشنا وأرجونا كلمةً غير لائقة؛ وحتى حين مُدِح يوباكيتو بهوريشرافاس لم يُبدِ سرورًا، أيها الملك. ولكن لما أخذ أبناؤك يتكلمون بمثل ذلك الكلام المُعيِّر على شاكلة بهوريشرافاس، لم يستطع دهاننجايا (أرجونا) أن يحتمل في قلبه ما قالوه وما قاله بهوريشرافاس، فاضطرب باطنه بسخطٍ مكتوم.

तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
वादिनःspeaking (so), talkers
वादिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवादिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तवyour
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अमृष्यमाणःnot enduring, unable to tolerate
अमृष्यमाणः:
Karta
TypeParticiple
Rootमृष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Atmanepada (middle), Present (Shatru/Śānac-like participle in -माण)
मनसाwith (his) mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तस्यof him (that one)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भाषितम्speech, utterance
भाषितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभाषित
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
श्रीकृष्ण (Kṛṣṇa)
अर्जुन / पार्थ / धनंजय (Arjuna/Pārtha/Dhanañjaya)
यूपकेतु भूरिश्रवा (Yūpaketu Bhūriśravas)
राजन् (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied addressee)
कौरव-पुत्राः (the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical restraint: the noble do not answer abuse with harsh speech, nor do they become intoxicated by praise. Yet it also shows how disparaging words can inflame conflict—Arjuna’s inner intolerance of taunts becomes a moral-psychological turning point in the battlefield narrative.

Sañjaya reports to the king that Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna remain composed despite being criticized, and Bhūriśravas remains composed despite being praised. However, when Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons join in speaking censoriously like Bhūriśravas, Arjuna cannot bear their words inwardly, signaling rising tension and the likelihood of a forceful response.