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Shloka 72

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

अत्र गाथा यमोदगीता: कीर्तयन्ति पुराविद: । आयुरस्य निकृन्तामि प्रजास्तस्थाददे तथा

atra gāthā yamodgītāḥ kīrtayanti purāvidaḥ | āyur asya nikṛntāmi prajāḥ tasthād ade tathā ||

قال بهيشما: في هذا الشأن يروي العارفون بأخبار القدماء أبياتًا قيل إن ياما أنشدها قديمًا. (ويعلن ياما:) «أقطع عمرَ الرجل الذي ينهض وفمه غير طاهر ثم يهرول أو يشتغل بتلاوة الفيدا؛ وأحرمه كذلك من ذريته. وكذلك إن درسَ “المولود مرتين” (dvija) عن غفلةٍ حتى في أوقات المنع من الدراسة (anadhyāya)، فسدَ تحصيله الفيدي وفسد عمره معًا.» لذلك لا ينبغي للرجل الحصيف أن يدرس الفيدا في الأوقات المحظورة.

अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
गाथाa verse/ballad
गाथा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगाथा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यम-उद्गीताsung/uttered by Yama
यम-उद्गीता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्गीता (उद्+√गै/गाय्)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कीर्तयन्तिthey recite/proclaim
कीर्तयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√कीर्त्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पुरा-विदःknowers of ancient lore
पुरा-विदः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद् (प्रातिपदिक: पुराविद्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आयुःlife-span
आयुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अस्यof him
अस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
निकृन्तामिI cut off/destroy
निकृन्तामि:
TypeVerb
Rootनि+√कृत् (कृन्तति)
FormPresent, Indicative, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रजाःoffspring/subjects
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
तस्थात्he stood/remained
तस्थात्:
TypeVerb
Root√स्था
FormPerfect, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
आदेhe took away
आदे:
TypeVerb
Rootआ+√दा
FormPerfect, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
Y
Yama

Educational Q&A

Vedic study (svādhyāya) must be done with proper purity and only at permitted times; violating rules of cleanliness or studying during anadhyāya is portrayed as a serious dharmic fault that brings loss of lifespan, learning, and even progeny.

Bhishma supports his instruction on right conduct by citing an old, authoritative gāthā attributed to Yama. The quotation functions as a warning: Yama himself is said to punish improper or ill-timed Vedic recitation by curtailing life and undermining one’s spiritual and familial welfare.