Shloka 53
अधोलोकवर्णनम् (Adholoka-varṇana) — Description of the Lower Worlds and Cosmographic Measures
Devanagari script
उच्ध्रयस्य प्रमाणेन ज्ञेयमस्तमथोदयम् / शुक्लच्छायो ऽग्निरा पश्च कृष्णच्छाया च मेदिनी
Transliteration
ucdhrayasya pramāṇena jñeyamastamathodayam / śuklacchāyo 'gnirā paśca kṛṣṇacchāyā ca medinī
Translation
وبمقياس الارتفاع يُعرَف الغروبُ والطلوع. فالنارُ والماءُ ذوَا ظلٍّ أبيض، وأما الأرضُ فظلُّها أسود.
Word by Word
ucdhrayasyaof ucdhraya (term)
ucdhrayasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootucdhraya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular; (reading uncertain; likely a technical term)
pramāṇenaby the measure/standard
pramāṇena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpramāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (तृतीया), Singular
jñeyamis to be known
jñeyam:
Vidhi/Predicate (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootjñā (ज्ञा धातु) → jñeya (कृदन्त)
FormGerundive (भाव्य/तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular; impersonal predicate ‘is to be known’
astamsetting (sunset)
astam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular; object of ‘jñeyam’ (what is to be known)
athaand then, also
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormParticle (अनन्तर/मङ्गलार्थक-अव्यय) ‘then/also’
udayamrising (sunrise)
udayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootudaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular; coordinated with ‘astam’
śukla-cchāyaḥwhite-shaded
śukla-cchāyaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśukla + chāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular; ‘having white shade’
agniḥfire
agniḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular
ātowards/up to
ā:
Gati/Upasarga (गति/उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootā (अव्यय)
FormPreverb/particle (उपसर्गवत्-अव्यय) indicating ‘up to/towards’; here likely part of a corrupt reading ‘agnir ā…’
paścabehind/after
paśca:
Deśa/Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpaścāt (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (काल/देशवाचक-अव्यय); form appears truncated; intended ‘paścāt’ = ‘behind/after’
kṛṣṇa-cchāyāblack-shaded
kṛṣṇa-cchāyā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛṣṇa + chāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular; ‘black-shaded’
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)
medinīthe earth
medinī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmedinī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular