Mantra 15

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

ये चित् पूर्व ऋतसाता ऋतजाता ऋतावृधः । ऋषीन् तपस्वतो यम तपोजां अपि गच्छतात्

IAST Transliteration

yé cít pū́rva ṛtásātā ṛtájātā ṛtā́vṛdhaḥ | ṛṣī́n tápasvato yama tapojā́m ápi gacchatāt ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Even those of old, won by Order, born of Order, increased by Order—to the seers, the austere, O Yama, to the tapas-born, unto them also may he go.

Translation

وَحَتّى أُولَئِكَ القُدَماءُ—الَّذِينَ نَالَهُمُ رِتا (النِّظامُ الكَوْنِيّ)، وَوُلِدُوا مِن رِتا، وَازْدَادُوا بِرِتا—إِلَى الرُّشَاةِ (ṛṣi) الزُّهّادِ، يَا يَما، إِلَى المَوْلُودِينَ مِن التَّبَس (tapas)؛ إِلَيْهِمْ أَيْضًا فَلْيَذْهَبْ.

Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• चित्: even, indeed
• चित्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: चित् (निपात/अव्यय) अथवा ‘चिद्’

• पूर्वे: former, ancient
• पूर्वे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋतसाता: having attained ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
• ऋतसाता: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋत-सात (समास-प्रातिपदिक; सात = ‘प्राप्त/लभ्य’ भावः)

• ऋतजाता: born of ṛta
• ऋतजाता: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋत-जाता (समास-प्रातिपदिक; जात = ‘उत्पन्न’)

• ऋतावृधः: increased by ṛta / fostering ṛta
• ऋतावृधः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋता-वृध (समास-प्रातिपदिक; वृध = ‘वर्धमान/वर्धक’)

• ऋषीन्: the seers
• ऋषीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)

• तपस्वतः: austere, practicing tapas
• तपस्वतः: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तपस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक) < तपस्

• यम्: whom (Yama)
• यम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तपोजाम्: born of tapas / produced by austerity
• तपोजाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: तपोजा (समास-प्रातिपदिक = तपस् + जा ‘जन्म/उत्पत्ति’)

• अपि: also, moreover
• अपि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)

• गच्छतात्: may (he) go / let (him) go
• गच्छतात्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Funerary anukramaṇī tradition for AV 18 (variable); verse is Yama-addressed within Pitṛ corpus.

Devata: Yama; also Ṛṣi-Pitṛs as the destination community.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From venerating the ancients to a confident petition to Yama for inclusion.","listener_experience":"Calm dignity; grief becomes reverent aspiration.","intensity":4}