Sutra 42

Devanagari script

तेनाश्वखरोष्ट्रवराहव्रजा व्याख्याताः ॥ कZ_०२.२९.४२ ॥

Transliteration

tenāśva-khara-uṣṭra-varāha-vrajā vyākhyātāḥ

Translation

وبذلك (بنفس الطريقة/المبدأ) تُفَسَّر أيضًا قطعان الخيل والحمير والجِمال والخنازير البرية (أي تُحكم بقواعد مماثلة).

Word by Word

• तेन: by that; thereby; with that (as the basis)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; तृतीया-एकवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (करण/हेतु-अर्थे)

• अश्व: horses
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन (समाहार/जातिवाचक-बहुवचन)

• खर: donkeys (asses)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खर
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन

• उष्ट्र: camels
• Type: Noun
• Root: उष्ट्र
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन

• वराह: boars
• Type: Noun
• Root: वराह
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन

• व्रजाः: herds; droves
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रज
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन

• व्याख्याताः: have been explained; have been set forth (already)
• Type: Verb (Participle)
• Root: वि-आ-ख्या
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृत); प्रथमा-बहुवचन; पुंलिङ्ग; ‘व्याख्यात’ = explained/defined

Entities Mentioned

• horses
• donkeys
• camels
• boars
• herds

More Details

FAQs

What drafting technique is used in this sūtra?

Incorporation by reference: after defining a rule-set for one class (cattle), Kauṭilya extends it to other animal herds by analogy to avoid repetition.