Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 40
Adhyāya 361 — अव्ययवर्गः
Avyaya-vargaḥ) — The Section on Indeclinables (Colophon/Closure
तेजःपुरीषयोर्वर्च आगः पापापराधयोः छन्दः पद्ये ऽभिलासे च साधीयान् साधुवाढयोः व्यूहो वृन्दे ऽप्यहिर्वृत्रे ऽप्यग्नीन्द्वर्कास्तमोनुदः
tejaḥpurīṣayorvarca āgaḥ pāpāparādhayoḥ chandaḥ padye 'bhilāse ca sādhīyān sādhuvāḍhayoḥ vyūho vṛnde 'pyahirvṛtre 'pyagnīndvarkāstamonudaḥ
«فَرْچَس» (varcas) يدلّ على البهاء كما يدلّ على الغائط. و«آغَس» (āgas) يدلّ على الخطيئة كما يدلّ على الجُرم/الإساءة. و«چَندَس» (chandas) يدلّ على الشعر الموزون كما يدلّ على الرغبة. و«سادهِيّان» (sādhīyān) يدلّ على “الأفضل/الأجود” ويدلّ أيضًا على “مَن يزيد الخير (والرخاء)”. و«ڤْيُوهَ» (vyūha) يدلّ على جماعة/حشد، و«أَهِي» (ahi) يُطلق كذلك على ڤِرِترا (Vṛtra). أمّا «أَغْنِينْدْوَرْكاه» (agnīndvarkāḥ)—النار وإندرا والشمس—فهم “مُبدِّدو الظلام”.
Lord Agni (traditional Agni Purana narrator) to Sage Vasiṣṭha
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Vyakarana","secondary_vidya":"Alamkara","practical_application":"Lexicographic disambiguation of homonyms/polysemes for correct reading, commentary, and composition; prevents misinterpretation in ritual, legal, and poetic contexts.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Nānārtha (polysemous) entries: varcas, āgas, chandas, sādhīyān, vyūha, ahi, agnīndvarkāḥ","lookup_keywords":["varcas","agas","chandas","vyuha","ahi"],"quick_summary":"A compact list of words with multiple accepted senses (splendour/excrement; sin/offence; metre/desire; excellent/prosperity-increasing; cluster; Vṛtra; dispellers of darkness), guiding context-based interpretation."}
Concept: Śabda is many-sensed; correct cognition depends on contextual qualifiers (prakaraṇa, saṅgati).
Application: In dharma/legal or ritual passages, avoid semantic drift: e.g., āgas as ‘sin’ vs ‘offence’; chandas as ‘metre’ vs ‘desire’.
Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Lexicography / Synonyms: Nighaṇṭu style)
Primary Rasa: adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: hasya
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A lexicon page with highlighted entries showing two meanings each; small illustrative vignettes: radiant aura vs latrine pot (varcas), penitent sinner vs courtroom offence (āgas), metrical verse vs yearning heart (chandas), prosperous household (sādhīyān), clustered troops (vyūha), serpent/dragon Vṛtra (ahi), and fire-Indra-sun dispelling darkness.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, manuscript-centric composition with icon-like vignettes around a central palm-leaf lexicon, fire and sun motifs as darkness-dispellers, bold outlines and traditional palette.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore, ornate framed lexicon page with gold-leaf highlights on key words, miniature narrative panels for each polysemy, central triad fire–Indra–sun with gold radiance.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, clean didactic layout: two-column word-to-meaning chart in Devanagari, with small precise illustrations (metre marks, desire gesture, troop cluster), soft colors and fine brushwork.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, scholar in a library presenting a daftar of words; marginal scenes depict each meaning with courtly realism, including a disciplined troop array for vyūha and a mythic Vṛtra for ahi."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Kalyani","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: tejaḥpurīṣayorvarca = tejaḥ-purīṣayoḥ + varcaḥ (visarga sandhi). padye 'bhilāse = padye + abhilāse (avagraha). vṛnde 'pi = vṛnde + api. vṛtre 'pi = vṛtre + api. agnīndvarkāstamonudaḥ = agnī-indu-arkāḥ + tamo-nudaḥ (compound + sandhi).
Related Themes: Agni Purana 361 (Nānārtha-varga continuation); Agni Purana 362 (glossarial synonym-groups)
FAQs
It imparts lexical-semantic knowledge: key Sanskrit terms are given with multiple accepted senses (polysemy), useful for interpreting śāstra, kavya, and Purāṇic passages accurately.
By functioning like a compact nighaṇṭu (glossary), it preserves technical word-senses spanning poetics (chandas/padya), ethics (āgas/pāpa/aparādha), and mythology (ahi = Vṛtra), showing the Purāṇa’s cross-disciplinary scope.
Correct understanding of words like āgas (sin/offence) supports precise confession, expiation, and ethical discernment; it also prevents misreading of scriptural statements, which is traditionally considered important for right conduct (dharma).