Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 67, Shloka 131

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

अप्ययंदुर्मतिःकालेगुरुभारप्रपीडितः ।।।।प्रपतन्राक्षसोभूमौनान्यान्हन्यात्ल्पवङ्गमान् ।

Transliteration

apy ayaṁ durmatiḥ kāle gurubhāraprapīḍitaḥ | prapatan rākṣaso bhūmau nānyān hanyāt plavaṅgamān ||

Translation

Even this evil-minded Rakshasa—crushed for the moment by heavy weight and fallen to the ground—will not be able to strike down other Vanaras.

Word by Word

• api: even/also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावना/अपि (particle: even/also/perhaps)

• ayam: this (one)
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• durmatiḥ: evil-minded one
• durmatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: durmati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• kāle: at the time
• kāle: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (7th/Locative), एकवचनम्

• guru-bhāra-prapīḍitaḥ: crushed by heavy weight
• guru-bhāra-prapīḍitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + pra + √pīḍ (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-सम्बन्धः: guru-bhāraḥ); प्रपीडितः = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• prapataḥ: falling down
• prapataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra + √pat (धातु) + śatṛ (कृत्)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present participle: falling); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• rākṣasaḥ: the rakshasa
• rākṣasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• bhūmau: on the ground
• bhūmau: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• anyān: others
• anyān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• hanyāt: should kill/harm
• hanyāt: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √han (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• plavaṅgamān: monkeys
• plavaṅgamān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: plavaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

Context

Distressed by heavy weight unable to get up evil minded Rakshasa fallen on the ground will not destroy monkeys.

Characters & Entities

• Rakshasa
• Vanaras (plavaṅgama)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Protecting allies is Dharmic duty; the verse frames tactical restraint of a violent aggressor as a means to prevent further harm.

What is the narrative situation?

With the giant enemy brought down/weighted, Lakshmana encourages the troops that the immediate threat is contained.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness: calming fear and sustaining morale through reasoned assurance.