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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 32

कुशिलवगानप्रशंसा

The Commissioning and Public Performance of the Rāmāyaṇa

ततस्तु तौ रामवच:प्रचोदितावगायतां मार्गविधानसम्पदा।

स चापि राम: परिषद्गतः शनैर्बुभूषयासक्तमना बभूव।।1.4.31।।

tatas tu tau rāmavacaḥ-pracoditau agāyatāṃ mārgavidhāna-sampadā | sa cāpi rāmaḥ pariṣadgataḥ śanaiḥ bubhūṣayāsakta-manā babhūva || 1.4.31 ||

Then, urged by Rama’s words, the two sang with the full discipline of the classical ‘mārga’ method. And Rama too, seated in the assembly, gradually became intent in mind—seeking inner calm—as he listened.

सर्वाall; entire
सर्वा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of वसुन्धरा
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वसुन्धरायाः विशेषणम्
पूर्वम्formerly
पूर्वम्:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्वम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (formerly)
इयम्this
इयम्:
Karta (कर्ता) (co-referential with वसुन्धरा)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
येषाम्of whom
येषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (of whom)
आसीत्was; belonged
आसीत्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
कृत्स्नाwhole; complete
कृत्स्ना:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of वसुन्धरा
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वसुन्धरायाः विशेषणम्
वसुन्धराearth
वसुन्धरा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवसुन्धरा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
प्रजापतिम्Prajāpati (Manu)
प्रजापतिम्:
Karma (कर्म) (of उपादाय)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजापति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
उपादायbeginning with; taking up
उपादाय:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप-आ-दा (धातु)
Formकृदन्त अव्यय (क्त्वा/ल्यप् absolutive): "having taken/starting from"
नृपाणाम्of kings
नृपाणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
जयशालिनाम्of victorious (kings)
जयशालिनाम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of नृपाणाम्
TypeAdjective
Rootजय + शालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष: जये शालिनः (possessing victory); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; नृपाणाम् विशेषणम्
R
Rama
K
Kusha
L
Lava
A
assembly (pariṣad)
M
mārga (classical mode)

FAQs

Dharma includes disciplined practice and attentive reception: truthful narration (satya) should be performed with rule-governed excellence, and heard with a mind oriented toward peace and understanding.

Kuśa and Lava proceed to sing in the classical style after Rama’s encouragement; Rama listens with increasing concentration.

Rama’s inward steadiness and receptivity—he seeks serenity and focuses his mind, showing how a ruler also learns through listening.