Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 19

Āgnīdhra Meets Pūrvacitti and Begets the Nine Sons of Jambūdvīpa

Devanagari script

तस्यामु ह वा आत्मजान् स राजवर आग्नीध्रो नाभिकिम्पुरुषहरिवर्षेलावृतरम्यकहिरण्मयकुरुभद्राश्वकेतुमालसंज्ञान्नव पुत्रानजनयत् ॥ १९ ॥

Transliteration

tasyām u ha vā ātmajān sa rāja-vara āgnīdhro nābhi-kimpuruṣa-harivarṣelāvṛta-ramyaka-hiraṇmaya-kuru-bhadrāśva-ketumāla-saṁjñān nava putrān ajanayat.

Translation

In the womb of Pūrvacitti, Mahārāja Āgnīdhra, the best of kings, begot nine sons, named Nābhi, Kiṁpuruṣa, Harivarṣa, Ilāvṛta, Ramyaka, Hiraṇmaya, Kuru, Bhadrāśva and Ketumāla.

Synonyms

• tasyām: in her
• tasyām: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (f.), Saptamī vibhakti (Loc. 7), Ekavacana (sg.)

• u: indeed
• u: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: u (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; emphasis/particle (nipāta)

• ha: indeed/it is said
• ha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; स्मरणार्थ/इतिहाससूचक nipāta

• vā: indeed/also
• vā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; optionality/emphasis particle

• ātmajān: sons/offspring
• ātmajān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātma (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Acc. 2), Bahuvacana (pl.); tatpuruṣa: ātmano jāḥ (one’s own-born)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)

• rāja-varaḥ: the excellent king
• rāja-varaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); karmadhāraya: varaḥ rājā (excellent king)

• āgnīdhraḥ: Āgnīdhra
• āgnīdhraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āgnīdhra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (m.), Prathamā vibhakti (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)

• nābhi-kimpuruṣa-harivarṣa-ilāvṛta-ramyaka-hiraṇmaya-kuru-bhadrāśva-ketumāla-saṁjñān: named Nābhi, Kimpuruṣa, Harivarṣa, Ilāvṛta, Ramyaka, Hiraṇmaya, Kuru, Bhadrāśva, Ketumāla
• nābhi-kimpuruṣa-harivarṣa-ilāvṛta-ramyaka-hiraṇmaya-kuru-bhadrāśva-ketumāla-saṁjñān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nābhi (प्रातिपदिक) + kimpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + harivarṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + ilāvṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + ramyaka (प्रातिपदिक) + hiraṇmaya (प्रातिपदिक) + kuru (प्रातिपदिक) + bhadrāśva (प्रातिपदिक) + ketumāla (प्रातिपदिक) + saṁjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Acc. 2), Bahuvacana (pl.); tatpuruṣa: (ete) saṁjñāḥ (named) nābhi...ketumāla (bearing the names Nābhi, Kimpuruṣa, etc.)

• nava: nine
• nava: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Acc. 2), Bahuvacana (pl.) (agreeing with putrān)

• putrān: sons
• putrān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Acc. 2), Bahuvacana (pl.)

• ajanayat: begot/produced
• ajanayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jan (जन् धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.), Parasmaipada; causative sense in context ‘caused to be born/begot’

Characters & Entities

• Agnīdhra
• Nābhi
• Kimpuruṣa
• Hari-varṣa
• Ilāvṛta
• Ramyaka
• Hiraṇmaya
• Kuru
• Bhadrāśva
• Ketumāla

FAQs

Who were the nine sons of King Agnidhra in Srimad Bhagavatam?

This verse states that Agnīdhra begot nine sons: Nābhi, Kimpuruṣa, Hari-varṣa, Ilāvṛta, Ramyaka, Hiraṇmaya, Kuru, Bhadrāśva, and Ketumāla.

What is the connection between Agnidhra’s sons and the varṣas described in Bhagavata Purana Canto 5?

The sons listed here are eponymous—each is associated with a division (varṣa/region) described in the Fifth Canto’s cosmological account of Jambūdvīpa.

How can devotees apply this Bhagavatam verse about lineage and regions in modern life?

It encourages seeing history, geography, and family lineage as part of a sacred order under the Lord, fostering humility and a broader, dharmic view of one’s place in the world.