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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 31

Bondage and Liberation Under Māyā; Two Birds Analogy; Marks of the Saintly Devotee

श्रीभगवानुवाच कृपालुरकृतद्रोहस्तितिक्षु: सर्वदेहिनाम् । सत्यसारोऽनवद्यात्मा सम: सर्वोपकारक: ॥ २९ ॥ कामैरहतधीर्दान्तो मृदु: शुचिरकिञ्चन: । अनीहो मितभुक् शान्त: स्थिरो मच्छरणो मुनि: ॥ ३० ॥ अप्रमत्तो गभीरात्मा धृतिमाञ्जितषड्‍गुण: । अमानी मानद: कल्यो मैत्र: कारुणिक: कवि: ॥ ३१ ॥ आज्ञायैवं गुणान् दोषान् मयादिष्टानपि स्वकान् । धर्मान् सन्त्यज्य य: सर्वान् मां भजेत स तु सत्तम: ॥ ३२ ॥

śrī-bhagavān uvāca kṛpālur akṛta-drohas titikṣuḥ sarva-dehinām satya-sāro ’navadyātmā samaḥ sarvopakārakaḥ

The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: O Uddhava, a saintly person is merciful and never injures others. Even if others are aggressive he is tolerant and forgiving toward all living entities. His strength and meaning in life come from the truth itself, he is free from all envy and jealousy, and his mind is equal in material happiness and distress. Thus, he dedicates his time to work for the welfare of all others. His intelligence is never bewildered by material desires, and he has controlled his senses. His behavior is always pleasing, never harsh and always exemplary, and he is free from possessiveness. He never endeavors in ordinary, worldly activities, and he strictly controls his eating. He therefore always remains peaceful and steady. A saintly person is thoughtful and accepts Me as his only shelter. Such a person is very cautious in the execution of his duties and is never subject to superficial transformations, because he is steady and noble, even in a distressing situation. He has conquered over the six material qualities — namely hunger, thirst, lamentation, illusion, old age and death. He is free from all desire for prestige and offers honor to others. He is expert in reviving the Kṛṣṇa consciousness of others and therefore never cheats anyone. Rather, he is a well-wishing friend to all, being most merciful. Such a saintly person must be considered the most learned of men. He perfectly understands that the ordinary religious duties prescribed by Me in various Vedic scriptures possess favorable qualities that purify the performer, and he knows that neglect of such duties constitutes a discrepancy in one’s life. Having taken complete shelter at My lotus feet, however, a saintly person ultimately renounces such ordinary religious duties and worships Me alone. He is thus considered to be the best among all living entities.

śrī-bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
śrī-bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśrī-bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; संबोधन-भावे वक्ता-निर्देशः (speaker tag)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
kṛpāluḥcompassionate
kṛpāluḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkṛpālu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
akṛta-drohaḥone who has not committed malice
akṛta-drohaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roota-kṛta-droha (प्रातिपदिक: a- + kṛta + droha)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वकः; विशेषण
titikṣuḥforbearing
titikṣuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Roottitikṣu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सहनशील (enduring) विशेषण
sarva-dehināmof all embodied beings
sarva-dehinām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva-dehin (प्रातिपदिक: sarva + dehin)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (of/for)
satya-sāraḥwhose essence is truth
satya-sāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsatya-sāra (प्रातिपदिक: satya + sāra)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
anavadya-ātmāof blameless nature
anavadya-ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanavadya-ātman (प्रातिपदिक: anavadya + ātman)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
samaḥequanimous
samaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समदर्शी विशेषण
sarva-upakārakaḥbenefactor of all
sarva-upakārakaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva-upakāraka (प्रातिपदिक: sarva + upakāraka)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
kāmaiḥby desires
kāmaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; हेतु/करण (by/with)
ahata-dhīḥwhose intellect is unstruck (unagitated)
ahata-dhīḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootahata-dhī (प्रातिपदिक: a-hata + dhī)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
dāntaḥself-controlled
dāntaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdānta (प्रातिपदिक; √dam से निष्पन्न)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
mṛduḥgentle
mṛduḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmṛdu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
śuciḥpure
śuciḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootśuci (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
akiñcanaḥwithout possessions
akiñcanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootakiñcana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निःस्व/अपरिग्रही विशेषण
anīhaḥwithout worldly striving
anīhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootanīha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
mita-bhukmoderate in eating
mita-bhuk:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmita-bhuj (प्रातिपदिक: mita + bhuj)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीह्यर्थे विशेषण (one who eats moderately)
śāntaḥpeaceful
śāntaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootśānta (प्रातिपदिक; √śam से)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
sthiraḥsteady
sthiraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthira (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
mat-śaraṇaḥhaving Me as refuge
mat-śaraṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmad-śaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक: mad + śaraṇa)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (my refuge) विशेषण
muniḥsage
muniḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेष्य (qualified noun)
apramattaḥvigilant
apramattaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootapramatta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक; विशेषण
gabhīra-ātmādeep-souled
gabhīra-ātmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootgabhīra-ātman (प्रातिपदिक: gabhīra + ātman)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
dhṛtimānpossessing fortitude
dhṛtimān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhṛti-mant (प्रातिपदिक: dhṛti + mant)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; मतुप्-प्रत्ययान्त; विशेषण
jita-ṣaṭ-guṇaḥhaving conquered the six qualities (vices)
jita-ṣaṭ-guṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootjita-ṣaṭ-guṇa (प्रातिपदिक: jita + ṣaṭ + guṇa)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; द्विगु-समास-आश्रित (ṣaṭ-guṇa) + तत्पुरुष; विशेषण
amānīnot seeking honor
amānī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootamānin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक; विशेषण
māna-daḥgiving respect
māna-daḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmāna-da (प्रातिपदिक: māna + da)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष; विशेषण
kalyaḥauspicious/noble
kalyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkalya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
maitraḥfriendly
maitraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootmaitra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
kāruṇikaḥmerciful
kāruṇikaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāruṇika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
kaviḥwise poet/sage
kaviḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkavi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेष्य
ājñāyahaving understood
ājñāya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√jñā (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive); ‘having known/understood’
evamthus
evam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (manner adverb)
guṇānqualities
guṇān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
doṣānfaults
doṣān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
mayāby Me
mayā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया, एकवचन
ādiṣṭāninstructed
ādiṣṭān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootā-√diś (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; ‘instructed/ordered’ (qualifying guṇān/doṣān)
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/समुच्चयार्थ (also/even)
svakānone’s own
svakān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (one’s own)
dharmānduties/religious practices
dharmān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन
santyajyahaving renounced
santyajya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-√tyaj (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund); ‘having completely abandoned’
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
sarvānall
sarvān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (all)
māmMe
mām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया, एकवचन
bhajetshould worship
bhajet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhaj (धातु)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ् (Optative/Potential), प्रथमपुरुष? (actually 3rd person singular), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘should worship/serve’
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देश (demonstrative)
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थ (but/indeed)
sattamaḥthe best of the virtuous
sattamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsat-tama (प्रातिपदिक: sat + tama)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तमप्-प्रत्यय (superlative)

Verses 29-31 describe twenty-eight qualities of a saintly person, and verse 32 explains the highest perfection of life. According to Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura, the seventeenth quality ( mat-śaraṇa, or taking complete shelter of Lord Kṛṣṇa) is the most important, and the other twenty-seven qualities automatically appear in one who has become a pure devotee of the Lord. As stated in Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (5.18.12) , yasyāsti bhaktir bhagavaty akiñcanā sarvair guṇais tatra samāsate surāḥ. The twenty-eight saintly qualities may be described as follows.