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Srimad Bhagavatam — Dvadasha Skandha, Shloka 21

The Earth Laughs at World-Conquering Kings; Yuga-Dharma and the Remedy for Kali

तदा क्रियातपोनिष्ठा नातिहिंस्रा न लम्पटा: । त्रैवर्गिकास्त्रयीवृद्धा वर्णा ब्रह्मोत्तरा नृप ॥ २१ ॥

tadā kriyā-tapo-niṣṭhā nāti-hiṁsrā na lampaṭāḥ trai-vargikās trayī-vṛddhā varṇā brahmottarā nṛpa

In the Tretā age people are devoted to ritual performances and severe austerities. They are not excessively violent or very lusty after sensual pleasure. Their interest lies primarily in religiosity, economic development and regulated sense gratification, and they achieve prosperity by following the prescriptions of the three Vedas. Although in this age society evolves into four separate classes, O King, most people are brāhmaṇas.

तदाthen
तदा:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)
क्रिया-तपः-निष्ठाःdevoted to ritual action and austerity
क्रिया-तपः-निष्ठाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रिया (प्रातिपदिक) + तपस् (प्रातिपदिक) + निष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः—‘क्रियायां तपसि च निष्ठा येषाम्’
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
अति-हिंस्राःoverly violent
अति-हिंस्राः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + हिंस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अव्ययीभावः—‘अत्यन्तं हिंस्राः’
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय
लम्पटाःlicentious, greedy for sense-objects
लम्पटाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootलम्पट (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘विषयासक्ताः/कामुकाः’
त्रै-वर्गिकाःengaged in the three aims (dharma, artha, kāma)
त्रै-वर्गिकाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + इक (तद्धित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘त्रिवर्गे (धर्म-अर्थ-कामेषु) प्रवृत्ताः’
त्रयी-वृद्धाःnourished by the three Vedas
त्रयी-वृद्धाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रयी (प्रातिपदिक) + वृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘त्रय्या (वेदत्रय्या) वृद्धाः/पोषिताः’
वर्णाःthe social orders (varṇas)
वर्णाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ब्राह्मणादयः
ब्रह्म-उत्तराःwith the brāhmaṇas (or brahman) as foremost
ब्रह्म-उत्तराः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; ‘ब्रह्म (ब्राह्मणः/ब्रह्मविद्या) उत्तरं/प्रधानं येषाम्’
नृपO king
नृप:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
K
King Parīkṣit

FAQs

This verse describes a time when people were devoted to religious duties and austerity, avoided excessive violence and lust, lived according to Vedic guidance, and honored brāhmaṇas as leaders in spiritual culture.

In the context of describing Kali-yuga’s decline, Śukadeva contrasts it with earlier order—where spiritual leadership was respected—so Parīkṣit can understand how dharma deteriorates when brahminical virtues lose influence.

Practice steady discipline in spiritual duties (regular prayer, study, service) and voluntary restraint (simplicity, self-control), while avoiding harmful violence and exploitative sensuality—aligning daily life with dharma.