Adhyaya 88

Verse 1

श्रीराजोवाच देवासुरमनुष्येषु ये भजन्त्यशिवं शिवम् । प्रायस्ते धनिनो भोजा न तु लक्ष्म्या: पतिं हरिम् ॥ १ ॥

King Parīkṣit said: Those demigods, demons and humans who worship Lord Śiva, a strict renunciant, usually enjoy wealth and sense gratification, while the worshipers of the Supreme Lord Hari, the husband of the goddess of fortune, do not.

Verse 2

एतद् वेदितुमिच्छाम: सन्देहोऽत्र महान् हि न: । विरुद्धशीलयो: प्रभ्वोर्विरुद्धा भजतां गति: ॥ २ ॥

We wish to properly understand this matter, which greatly puzzles us. Indeed, the results attained by the worshipers of these two lords of opposite characters are contrary to what one would expect.

Verse 3

श्रीशुक उवाच शिव: शक्तियुत: शश्वत् त्रिलिङ्गो गुणसंवृत: । वैकारिकस्तैजसश्च तामसश्चेत्यहं त्रिधा ॥ ३ ॥

Śrī Śukadeva said: Lord Śiva is always united with his personal energy, the material nature. Manifesting himself in three features in response to the entreaties of nature’s three modes, he thus embodies the threefold principle of material ego in goodness, passion and ignorance.

Verse 4

ततो विकारा अभवन् षोडशामीषु कञ्चन । उपधावन् विभूतीनां सर्वासामश्न‍ुते गतिम् ॥ ४ ॥

The sixteen elements have evolved as transformations of that false ego. When a devotee of Lord Śiva worships his manifestation in any one of these elements, the devotee obtains all sorts of corresponding enjoyable opulences.

Verse 5

हरिर्हि निर्गुण: साक्षात् पुरुष: प्रकृते: पर: । स सर्वद‍ृगुपद्रष्टा तं भजन् निर्गुणो भवेत् ॥ ५ ॥

Lord Hari, however, has no connection with the material modes. He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the all-seeing eternal witness, who is transcendental to material nature. One who worships Him becomes similarly free from the material modes.

Verse 6

निवृत्तेष्वश्वमेधेषु राजा युष्मत्पितामह: । श‍ृण्वन् भगवतो धर्मानपृच्छदिदमच्युतम् ॥ ६ ॥

Your grandfather, King Yudhiṣṭhira, after completing his Aśvamedha sacrifices, asked Lord Acyuta this very same question while hearing the Lord’s explanation of religious principles.

Verse 7

स आह भगवांस्तस्मै प्रीत: शुश्रूषवे प्रभु: । नृणां नि:श्रेयसार्थाय योऽवतीर्णो यदो: कुले ॥ ७ ॥

This question pleased Śrī Kṛṣṇa, the King’s Lord and master, who had descended into the family of Yadu for the purpose of bestowing the highest good on all men. The Lord replied as follows as the King eagerly listened.

Verse 8

श्रीभगवानुवाच यस्याहमनुगृह्णामि हरिष्ये तद्धनं शनै: । ततोऽधनं त्यजन्त्यस्य स्वजना दु:खदु:खितम् ॥ ८ ॥

The Personality of Godhead said: If I especially favor someone, I gradually deprive him of his wealth. Then the relatives and friends of such a poverty-stricken man abandon him. In this way he suffers one distress after another.

Verse 9

स यदा वितथोद्योगो निर्विण्ण: स्याद् धनेहया । मत्परै: कृतमैत्रस्य करिष्ये मदनुग्रहम् ॥ ९ ॥

When he becomes frustrated in his attempts to make money and instead befriends My devotees, I bestow My special mercy upon him.

Verse 10

तद् ब्रह्म परमं सूक्ष्मं चिन्मात्रं सदनन्तकम् । विज्ञायात्मतया धीर: संसारात्परिमुच्यते ॥ १० ॥

A person who has thus become sober fully realizes the Absolute as the highest truth, the most subtle and perfect manifestation of spirit, the transcendental existence without end. In this way realizing that the Supreme Truth is the foundation of his own existence, he is freed from the cycle of material life.

Verse 11

अतो मां सुदुराराध्यं हित्वान्यान् भजते जन: । ततस्त आशुतोषेभ्यो लब्धराज्यश्रियोद्धता: । मत्ता: प्रमत्ता वरदान् विस्मयन्त्यवजानते ॥ ११ ॥

Because I am difficult to worship, people generally avoid Me and instead worship other deities, who are quickly satisfied. When people receive kingly opulences from these deities, they become arrogant, intoxicated with pride and neglectful of their duties. They dare to offend even the demigods who have bestowed benedictions upon them.

Verse 12

श्रीशुक उवाच शापप्रसादयोरीशा ब्रह्मविष्णुशिवादय: । सद्य:शापप्रसादोऽङ्ग शिवो ब्रह्मा न चाच्युत: ॥ १२ ॥

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Lord Brahmā, Lord Viṣṇu, Lord Śiva and others are able to curse or bless one. Lord Śiva and Lord Brahmā are very quick to curse or bestow benedictions, my dear King, but the infallible Supreme Lord is not.

Verse 13

अत्र चोदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् । वृकासुराय गिरिशो वरं दत्त्वाप सङ्कटम् ॥ १३ ॥

In this connection, an ancient historical account is related concerning how the Lord of Kailāsa Mountain was put into danger by offering a choice of benedictions to the demon Vṛka.

Verse 14

वृको नामासुर: पुत्र: शकुने: पथि नारदम् । द‍ृष्ट्वाशुतोषं पप्रच्छ देवेषु त्रिषु दुर्मति: ॥ १४ ॥

The demon named Vṛka, a son of Śakuni’s, once met Nārada on the road. The wicked fellow asked him which of the three chief gods could be pleased most quickly.

Verse 15

स आह देवं गिरिशमुपाधावाशु सिद्ध्यसि । योऽल्पाभ्यां गुणदोषाभ्यामाशु तुष्यति कुप्यति ॥ १५ ॥

Nārada told him: Worship Lord Śiva and you will soon achieve success. He quickly becomes pleased by seeing his worshiper’s slightest good qualities — and quickly angered by seeing his slightest fault.

Verse 16

दशास्यबाणयोस्तुष्ट: स्तुवतोर्वन्दिनोरिव । ऐश्वर्यमतुलं दत्त्वा तत आप सुसङ्कटम् ॥ १६ ॥

He became pleased with ten-headed Rāvaṇa, and also with Bāṇa, when they each chanted his glories, like bards in a royal court. Lord Śiva then bestowed unprecedented power upon each of them, but in both cases he was consequently beset with great difficulty.

Verse 17

इत्यादिष्टस्तमसुर उपाधावत् स्वगात्रत: । केदार आत्मक्रव्येण जुह्वानोऽग्निमुखं हरम् ॥ १७ ॥

[Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued:] Thus advised, the demon proceeded to worship Lord Śiva at Kedāranātha by taking pieces of flesh from his own body and offering them as oblations into the sacred fire, which is Lord Śiva’s mouth.

Verse 18

देवोपलब्धिमप्राप्य निर्वेदात् सप्तमेऽहनि । शिरोऽवृश्चत् सुधितिना तत्तीर्थक्लिन्नमूर्धजम् ॥ १८ ॥ तदा महाकारुणिको स धूर्जटि- र्यथा वयं चाग्निरिवोत्थितोऽनलात् । निगृह्य दोर्भ्यां भुजयोर्न्यवारयत् तत्स्पर्शनाद् भूय उपस्कृताकृति: ॥ १९ ॥

Vṛkāsura became frustrated after failing to obtain a vision of the lord. Finally, on the seventh day, after dipping his hair into the holy waters at Kedāranātha and leaving it wet, he took up a hatchet and prepared to cut off his head. But at that very moment the supremely merciful Lord Śiva rose up out of the sacrificial fire, looking like the god of fire himself, and grabbed both arms of the demon to stop him from killing himself, just as we would do. By Lord Śiva’s touch, Vṛkāsura once again became whole.

Verse 19

देवोपलब्धिमप्राप्य निर्वेदात् सप्तमेऽहनि । शिरोऽवृश्चत् सुधितिना तत्तीर्थक्लिन्नमूर्धजम् ॥ १८ ॥ तदा महाकारुणिको स धूर्जटि- र्यथा वयं चाग्निरिवोत्थितोऽनलात् । निगृह्य दोर्भ्यां भुजयोर्न्यवारयत् तत्स्पर्शनाद् भूय उपस्कृताकृति: ॥ १९ ॥

Vṛkāsura became frustrated after failing to obtain a vision of the lord. Finally, on the seventh day, after dipping his hair into the holy waters at Kedāranātha and leaving it wet, he took up a hatchet and prepared to cut off his head. But at that very moment the supremely merciful Lord Śiva rose up out of the sacrificial fire, looking like the god of fire himself, and grabbed both arms of the demon to stop him from killing himself, just as we would do. By Lord Śiva’s touch, Vṛkāsura once again became whole.

Verse 20

तमाह चाङ्गालमलं वृणीष्व मे यथाभिकामं वितरामि ते वरम् । प्रीयेय तोयेन नृणां प्रपद्यता- महो त्वयात्मा भृशमर्द्यते वृथा ॥ २० ॥

Lord Śiva said to him: My friend, please stop, stop! Ask from me whatever you want, and I will bestow that boon upon you. Alas, you have subjected your body to great torment for no reason, since I am pleased with a simple offering of water from those who approach me for shelter.

Verse 21

देवं स वव्रे पापीयान् वरं भूतभयावहम् । यस्य यस्य करं शीर्ष्णि धास्ये स म्रियतामिति ॥ २१ ॥

[Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued:] The benediction sinful Vṛka chose from the lord would terrify all living beings. Vṛka said, “May death come to whomever I touch upon the head with my hand.”

Verse 22

तच्छ्रुत्वा भगवान् रुद्रो दुर्मना इव भारत । ॐ इति प्रहसंस्तस्मै ददेऽहेरमृतं यथा ॥ २२ ॥

Upon hearing this, Lord Rudra seemed somewhat disturbed. Nonetheless, O descendant of Bharata, he vibrated om to signify his assent, granting Vṛka the benediction with an ironic smile, as if giving milk to a poisonous snake.

Verse 23

स तद्वरपरीक्षार्थं शम्भोर्मूर्ध्‍नि किलासुर: । स्वहस्तं धातुमारेभे सोऽबिभ्यत् स्वकृताच्छिव: ॥ २३ ॥

To test Lord Śambhu’s benediction, the demon then tried to put his hand on the Lord’s head. Thus Śiva was frightened because of what he himself had done.

Verse 24

तेनोपसृष्ट: सन्त्रस्त: पराधावन् सवेपथु: । यावदन्तं दिवो भूमे: कष्ठानामुदगादुदक् ॥ २४ ॥

As the demon pursued him, Lord Śiva fled swiftly from his abode in the north, shaking with terror. He ran as far as the limits of the earth, the sky and the corners of the universe.

Verse 25

अजानन्त: प्रतिविधिं तूष्णीमासन् सुरेश्वरा: । ततो वैकुण्ठमगमद् भास्वरं तमस: परम् ॥ २५ ॥ यत्र नारायण: साक्षान्न्यासिनां परमो गति: । शान्तानां न्यस्तदण्डानां यतो नावर्तते गत: ॥ २६ ॥

The great demigods could only remain silent, not knowing how to counteract the benediction. Then Lord Śiva reached the luminous realm of Vaikuṇṭha, beyond all darkness, where the Supreme Lord Nārāyaṇa is manifest. That realm is the destination of renunciants who have attained peace and given up all violence against other creatures. Going there, one never returns.

Verse 26

अजानन्त: प्रतिविधिं तूष्णीमासन् सुरेश्वरा: । ततो वैकुण्ठमगमद् भास्वरं तमस: परम् ॥ २५ ॥ यत्र नारायण: साक्षान्न्यासिनां परमो गति: । शान्तानां न्यस्तदण्डानां यतो नावर्तते गत: ॥ २६ ॥

The great demigods could only remain silent, not knowing how to counteract the benediction. Then Lord Śiva reached the luminous realm of Vaikuṇṭha, beyond all darkness, where the Supreme Lord Nārāyaṇa is manifest. That realm is the destination of renunciants who have attained peace and given up all violence against other creatures. Going there, one never returns.

Verse 27

तं तथाव्यसनं द‍ृष्ट्वा भगवान् वृजिनार्दन: । दूरात् प्रत्युदियाद् भूत्वा बटुको योगमायया ॥ २७ ॥ मेखलाजिनदण्डाक्षैस्तेजसाग्निरिव ज्वलन् । अभिवादयामास च तं कुशपाणिर्विनीतवत् ॥ २८ ॥

The Supreme Lord, who relieves His devotees’ distress, had seen from afar that Lord Śiva was in danger. Thus by His mystic Yoga-māyā potency He assumed the form of a brahmacārī student, with the appropriate belt, deerskin, rod and prayer beads, and came before Vṛkāsura. The Lord’s effulgence glowed brilliantly like fire. Holding kuśa grass in His hand, He humbly greeted the demon.

Verse 28

तं तथाव्यसनं द‍ृष्ट्वा भगवान् वृजिनार्दन: । दूरात् प्रत्युदियाद् भूत्वा बटुको योगमायया ॥ २७ ॥ मेखलाजिनदण्डाक्षैस्तेजसाग्निरिव ज्वलन् । अभिवादयामास च तं कुशपाणिर्विनीतवत् ॥ २८ ॥

The Supreme Lord, who relieves His devotees’ distress, had seen from afar that Lord Śiva was in danger. Thus by His mystic Yoga-māyā potency He assumed the form of a brahmacārī student, with the appropriate belt, deerskin, rod and prayer beads, and came before Vṛkāsura. The Lord’s effulgence glowed brilliantly like fire. Holding kuśa grass in His hand, He humbly greeted the demon.

Verse 29

श्रीभगवानुवाच शाकुनेय भवान् व्यक्तं श्रान्त: किं दूरमागत: । क्षणं विश्रम्यतां पुंस आत्मायं सर्वकामधुक् ॥ २९ ॥

The Supreme Lord said: My dear son of Śakuni, you appear tired. Why have you come such a great distance? Please rest for a minute. After all, it is one’s body that fulfills all one’s desires.

Verse 30

यदि न: श्रवणायालं युष्मद्‌व्यवसितं विभो । भण्यतां प्रायश: पुम्भिर्धृतै: स्वार्थान् समीहते ॥ ३० ॥

O mighty one, please tell Us what you intend to do, if We are qualified to hear it. Usually one accomplishes his purposes by taking help from others.

Verse 31

श्रीशुक उवाच एवं भगवता पृष्टो वचसामृतवर्षिणा । गतक्लमोऽब्रवीत्तस्मै यथापूर्वमनुष्ठितम् ॥ ३१ ॥

Śukadeva Gosvāmī said: Thus questioned by the Personality of Godhead in language that poured down upon him like sweet nectar, Vṛka felt relieved of his fatigue. He described to the Lord everything he had done.

Verse 32

श्रीभगवानुवाच एवं चेत्तर्हि तद्वाक्यं न वयं श्रद्दधीमहि । यो दक्षशापात् पैशाच्यं प्राप्त: प्रेतपिशाचराट् ॥ ३२ ॥

The Supreme Lord said: If this is the case, We cannot believe what Śiva says. Śiva is the same lord of the Pretas and Piśācas whom Dakṣa cursed to become like a carnivorous hobgoblin.

Verse 33

यदि वस्तत्र विश्रम्भो दानवेन्द्र जगद्गुरौ । तर्ह्यङ्गाशु स्वशिरसि हस्तं न्यस्य प्रतीयताम् ॥ ३३ ॥

O best of the demons, if you have any faith in him because he is the spiritual master of the universe, then without delay put your hand on your head and see what happens.

Verse 34

यद्यसत्यं वच: शम्भो: कथञ्चिद् दानवर्षभ । तदैनं जह्यसद्वाचं न यद वक्तानृतं पुन: ॥ ३४ ॥

If the words of Lord Śambhu prove untrue in any way, O best of the demons, then kill the liar so he may never lie again.

Verse 35

इत्थं भगवतश्चित्रैर्वचोभि: स सुपेशलै: । भिन्नधीर्विस्मृत: शीर्ष्णि स्वहस्तं कुमतिर्न्यधात् ॥ ३५ ॥

[Śukadeva Gosvāmī continued:] Thus bewildered by the Personality of Godhead’s enchanting, artful words, foolish Vṛka, without realizing what he was doing, placed his hand on his head.

Verse 36

अथापतद् भिन्नशिरा: वज्राहत इव क्षणात् । जयशब्दो नम:शब्द: साधुशब्दोऽभवद् दिवि ॥ ३६ ॥

Instantly his head shattered as if struck by a lightning bolt, and the demon fell down dead. From the sky were heard cries of “Victory!” “Obeisances!” and “Well done!”

Verse 37

मुमुचु: पुष्पवर्षाणि हते पापे वृकासुरे । देवर्षिपितृगन्धर्वा मोचित: सङ्कटाच्छिव: ॥ ३७ ॥

The celestial sages, Pitās and Gandharvas rained down flowers to celebrate the killing of sinful Vṛkāsura. Now Lord Śiva was out of danger.

Verse 38

मुक्तं गिरिशमभ्याह भगवान् पुरुषोत्तम: । अहो देव महादेव पापोऽयं स्वेन पाप्मना ॥ ३८ ॥ हत: को नु महत्स्वीश जन्तुर्वै कृतकिल्बिष: । क्षेमी स्यात् किमु विश्वेशे कृतागस्को जगद्गुरौ ॥ ३९ ॥

The Supreme Personality of Godhead then addressed Lord Giriśa, who was now out of danger: “Just see, O Mahādeva, My lord, how this wicked man has been killed by his own sinful reactions. Indeed, what living being can hope for good fortune if he offends exalted saints, what to speak of offending the lord and spiritual master of the universe?”

Verse 39

मुक्तं गिरिशमभ्याह भगवान् पुरुषोत्तम: । अहो देव महादेव पापोऽयं स्वेन पाप्मना ॥ ३८ ॥ हत: को नु महत्स्वीश जन्तुर्वै कृतकिल्बिष: । क्षेमी स्यात् किमु विश्वेशे कृतागस्को जगद्गुरौ ॥ ३९ ॥

The Supreme Personality of Godhead then addressed Lord Giriśa, who was now out of danger: “Just see, O Mahādeva, My lord, how this wicked man has been killed by his own sinful reactions. Indeed, what living being can hope for good fortune if he offends exalted saints, what to speak of offending the lord and spiritual master of the universe?”

Verse 40

य एवमव्याकृतशक्त्युदन्वत: परस्य साक्षात् परमात्मनो हरे: । गिरित्रमोक्षं कथयेच्छृणोति वा विमुच्यते संसृतिभिस्तथारिभि: ॥ ४० ॥

Lord Hari is the directly manifest Absolute Truth, the Supreme Soul and unlimited ocean of inconceivable energies. Anyone who recites or hears this pastime of His saving Lord Śiva will be freed from all enemies and the repetition of birth and death.