Shloka 4

Devanagari script

स तां प्रणम्य शक्रेण सह ते कुण्डलोत्तमे ददौ नरकनाशं च शशंसास्यै जनार्दनः

Transliteration

sa tāṃ praṇamya śakreṇa saha te kuṇḍalottame dadau narakanāśaṃ ca śaśaṃsāsyai janārdanaḥ

Translation

他向她顶礼后，阇那尔达那与释迦罗同在，将那最上等的耳环归还于她，并向她叙述了那罗迦被诛灭之事。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• प्रणम्य: having bowed
• प्रणम्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र-√नम् (धातु) + ल्यप् (कृदन्त)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund): ‘having bowed’; उपसर्ग: प्र-

• शक्रेण: with Shakra (Indra)
• शक्रेण: Sahakaraka (Accompaniment/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (सह), एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakaraka (Accompaniment/सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (उपपद/particle): सह = ‘with’ (सह-योगे)

• ते: those two
• ते: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), द्विवचन; ‘those two’ (ref. to earrings)

• कुण्डलोत्तमे: the two excellent earrings
• कुण्डलोत्तमे: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुण्डल-उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; कुण्डल + उत्तम)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; कर्मधारयः: ‘उत्तमे कुण्डले’

• ददौ: gave
• ददौ: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• नरकनाशम्: the destruction of Naraka
• नरकनाशम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक-नाश (प्रातिपदिक; नरक + नाश)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; ‘नरकस्य नाशः’ (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/coord. conjunction)

• शशंस: told, announced
• शशंस: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √शंस् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• अस्यै: to her
• अस्यै: Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (सम्प्रदान), एकवचन

• जनार्दनः: Janardana (Vishnu)
• जनार्दनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: The Lord returns Aditi’s supreme earrings and reports Naraka’s destruction, completing the act of cosmic and social restitution after the asura’s tyranny.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Restitution of stolen divine property; reaffirmation of deva-order under Vishnu’s supremacy

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Dharma includes restitution and honoring elders; divine power is shown not only in slaying adharma but in restoring rightful order and relationships.

Vedantic Theme: Dharma

Application: After resolving conflict, complete the dharmic act by repairing harm, returning what is taken, and respectfully informing and reassuring those affected.

Vishishtadvaita: The Supreme Lord governs a real moral order in the world and acts within it, affirming relational duties (śeṣa-śeṣin) between beings and Bhagavān.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Hari

Bhakti Type: Dasya

Characters & Entities

• Janardana (Vishnu/Krishna)
• Shakra (Indra)
• Naraka (Narakasura)
• Aditi

FAQs

What is the significance of returning Aditi’s earrings in the Vishnu Purana?

It symbolizes the restoration of divine dignity and cosmic balance, showing that Vishnu (as Janardana) re-establishes what adharma has stolen from the gods.

How does Sage Parāśara frame Krishna’s actions in this episode?

Parāśara presents Krishna not merely as a heroic figure but as Janārdana—the Supreme Lord—whose deeds (including Naraka’s fall) are acts of safeguarding dharma and universal order.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu here?

Vishnu’s supremacy is emphasized: even alongside Indra, it is Janārdana who decisively restores order, underscoring Vaishnava doctrine that the devas function under the Lord’s ultimate sovereignty.