Shloka 33

अक्रूर-सत्कारः, मथुरायात्रा-विरहः, यमुनातटे दिव्यदर्शनम्, चतुर्व्यूह-नमस्कारः

Devanagari script

गच्छन्तो जवनाश्वेन रथेन यमुनातटम् प्राप्ता मध्याह्नसमये रामाक्रूरजनार्दनाः

Transliteration

gacchanto javanāśvena rathena yamunātaṭam prāptā madhyāhnasamaye rāmākrūrajanārdanāḥ

Translation

他们乘坐由骏马疾驰牵引的战车前往阎牟那河岸；至正午时分，罗摩、阿克鲁罗与阇那尔达那已抵达彼处。

Word by Word

• गच्छन्तः: going, proceeding
• गच्छन्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle/शतृ), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• जवनाश्वेन: by the swift-horsed (chariot/horse-team)
• जवनाश्वेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जवन (प्रातिपदिक) + अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative), पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• रथेन: by/with the chariot
• रथेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• यमुनातटम्: the bank of the Yamunā
• यमुनातटम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यमुना (प्रातिपदिक) + तट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: Yamunāyāḥ taṭam), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्राप्ताः: having reached, arrived
• प्राप्ताः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• मध्याह्नसमये: at midday time
• मध्याह्नसमये: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मध्याह्न (प्रातिपदिक) + समय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative), पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• रामाक्रूरजनार्दनाः: Rāma, Akrūra, and Janārdana (Kṛṣṇa)
• रामाक्रूरजनार्दनाः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक) + अक्रूर (प्रातिपदिक) + जनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative: Rāma, Akrūra, Janārdana), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)

Speaker

Sage Parāśara (narrating to Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Teaching: Historical

Quality: authoritative

Avatara Context

Avatara: Krishna

Purpose: Kṛṣṇa moves within Vraja-līlā and its allied episodes to protect devotees and overturn adharma through divine presence and action.

Leela: Loka-rakshana

Dharma Restored: Protection of devotees and maintenance of righteous order amid Kaṃsa’s oppressive designs (implicit).

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Krishna

Characters & Entities

• Yamunā
• Balarāma (Rāma)
• Akrūra
• Janārdana (Krishna)

FAQs

What is the significance of reaching the Yamunā bank in the Vishnu Purana?

The Yamunā functions as sacred liminal space in Krishna’s narrative—marking a transition point where divine intention unfolds through seemingly ordinary travel and meetings.

How does Sage Parāśara explain the unfolding of events around Krishna’s journey?

Parāśara presents the sequence as purposeful narration: human actions (travel, timing, companions) operate within the higher sovereignty of Janārdana, who directs outcomes without losing narrative realism.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu (Janārdana) in this context?

By naming Krishna as Janārdana, the verse signals Vishnu’s supreme, protective agency—present within history as the remover of burdens and the regulator of dharma.