Shloka 19

देवकी-विवाहः, आकाशवाणी, भूरभारावतरण-याचना, क्षीराब्धि-स्तुति, केशावतार-नियोजनम्

Devanagari script

यक्षराक्षसदैतेया पिशाचोरगदानवाः गन्धर्वाप्सरसश् चैव रूपं विष्णोर् महात्मनः

Transliteration

yakṣarākṣasadaiteyā piśācoragadānavāḥ gandharvāpsarasaś caiva rūpaṃ viṣṇor mahātmanaḥ

Translation

夜叉、罗刹、代底耶、毗舍遮、龙蛇之类与檀那婆；并诸乾闼婆与阿普萨罗——皆不过是大灵毗湿奴庄严形相的种种显现。

Word by Word

• यक्षाः: Yakṣas
• यक्षाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• राक्षसाः: Rākṣasas
• राक्षसाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• दैतेयाः: Daityas
• दैतेयाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैतेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• यक्षराक्षसदैतेयाः: Yakṣas, Rākṣasas, and Daityas
• यक्षराक्षसदैतेयाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक) + दैतेय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः; प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• पिशाचाः: Piśācas
• पिशाचाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिशाच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• उरगाः: serpents
• उरगाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• दानवाः: Dānavas
• दानवाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• पिशाचोरगदानवाः: Piśācas, serpents, and Dānavas
• पिशाचोरगदानवाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिशाच (प्रातिपदिक) + उरग (प्रातिपदिक) + दानव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः; प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• गन्धर्वाः: Gandharvas
• गन्धर्वाः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• अप्सरसः: Apsarases
• अप्सरसः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन (अप्सरसः)

• गन्धर्वाप्सरसः: Gandharvas and Apsarases
• गन्धर्वाप्सरसः: कर्ता (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + अप्सरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः; प्रथमा (1), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात (conjunction)

• एव: indeed; just
• एव: अवधारण (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-निपात (particle of emphasis)

• चैव: and indeed
• चैव: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय) + एव (अव्यय)
• Form: संधि-रूप; समुच्चय + अवधारण

• रूपम्: form
• रूपम्: विधेय (Predicate noun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• विष्णोः: of Viṣṇu
• विष्णोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled (one)
• महात्मनः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन

Speaker

Sage Parasara (teaching Maitreya)

Parashara-Maitreya Dialogue

Speaker: Parasara

Topic: Pervasion of Viṣṇu through all classes of beings, including semi-divine and demonic orders

Teaching: Cosmological

Quality: authoritative

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Even beings deemed fearful or impure—yakṣas, rākṣasas, daityas, piśācas, nāgas, dānavas—exist within the manifested scope of Viṣṇu’s rūpa and governance.

Vedantic Theme: Maya

Application: Practice equanimity and discernment: do not deny the divine ground of existence, yet uphold dharma in dealing with harmful tendencies.

Vishishtadvaita: The universe includes diverse real beings with differing guṇas/karma, yet all are contained in and supported by the Supreme as indweller (antaryāmin) and ground.

Vaishnava Theology

Vishnu Form: Hari

Bhakti Type: Shanta

Antaryamin: Yes

Jagat Karana: Yes

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Yakshas
• Rakshasas
• Daityas
• Oragas (Nagas/serpents)
• Danavas
• Gandharvas
• Apsaras

FAQs

What is the significance of listing Yakshas, Rakshasas, Daityas, and Gandharvas in the Vishnu Purana?

The verse uses a wide spectrum of cosmic beings to assert that even seemingly opposed or fearsome orders of life are encompassed within Vishnu’s all-pervading manifestation.

How does Sage Parasara explain the unity behind diverse beings?

By presenting multiple supernatural lineages as ‘the form of Vishnu,’ Parasara frames creation as dependent on and pervaded by the Supreme Lord rather than existing as an independent reality.

What is the theological importance of Lord Vishnu in this context?

Vishnu is affirmed as the sovereign ground of all categories of existence—celestial, terrestrial, and nether—supporting a Vaishnava view of the Lord as the supreme, all-inclusive reality.