HomeVamana PuranaAdh. 37Shloka 65
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Vamana Purana — Jabali on the Banyan Tree, Shloka 65

Jabali Bound on the Banyan Tree and Nandayanti’s Appeal at Sri-Kantha on the Yamuna

यस्मात् स्वतनुजातेयं परदेयापि पापिना योजिता नैव पतिना तस्माच्छाखामृगो ऽस्तु सः

yasmāt svatanujāteyaṃ paradeyāpi pāpinā yojitā naiva patinā tasmācchākhāmṛgo 'stu saḥ

“因为这少女乃其亲生之女——本应嫁与他人——却被那罪人未依正法为她配结夫婿;因此,令他化为‘娑迦摩利伽’(śākhā-mṛga),即栖于枝上的兽类(猴)。 ”

यस्मात्because
यस्मात्:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (अपादान/हेतु), एकवचन; Ablative singular (‘because of which/from whom’)
स्वतनुजा(this) own daughter
स्वतनुजा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + तनुजा (प्रातिपदिक; तनुजा ‘daughter’)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular feminine; ‘one’s own daughter’
इयम्this (girl)
इयम्:
Karta (कर्ता) (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular feminine
परदेयाto be given to another (in marriage)
परदेया:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर + देय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular feminine; ‘to be given to another (in marriage)’
अपिeven/also
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अप्यर्थ (particle: even/also)
पापिनाby a sinner
पापिना:
Karana (करण) / Agent in passive (कर्तृकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपापिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular masculine; agent in passive
योजिताwas married/assigned
योजिता:
Karma (कर्म) with passive sense; predicate
TypeVerb
Rootयुज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि; Past passive participle ‘was joined/married’
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
एवindeed/at all
एव:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle)
पतिनाby a husband
पतिना:
Karana (करण) / Agent in passive (कर्तृकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; Instrumental singular masculine; agent in passive (negated)
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
Hetu/Phala (हेतु/फल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formतस्मात्-इति अव्ययीभूत; हेत्वर्थे (therefore)
शाखामृगःa monkey
शाखामृगः:
Karta (कर्ता) (of ‘be’)
TypeNoun
Rootशाखा + मृग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular masculine; ‘branch-animal’ (monkey)
अस्तुlet (him) be
अस्तु:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलोट् (आज्ञार्थ/Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; Nominative singular masculine
The ṛṣi pronouncing a curse (addressing/targeting the sinful man implicated in the maiden’s account)
Dharma of marriage and guardianshipSin and ascetic retribution (śāpa)Transformation as moral consequence

{ "primaryRasa": "raudra", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

It signals the social-dharmic expectation that a daughter is to be given in marriage to a suitable groom through proper rites and consent; the verse implies a violation of that normative process.

The curse matches the moral logic of degradation: a human who disrupts lawful social order is reduced to an animal state. ‘Śākhā-mṛga’ commonly evokes a monkey—restless, tree-bound—symbolizing loss of human dignity and social standing.

Such curses often serve as origin-stories for local phenomena—e.g., a named grove, a lineage of transformed beings, or a ritual prohibition—later anchored to a specific tīrtha. Even when the named site is not in these three verses, the etiological pattern is characteristic of tīrtha-māhātmya composition.